{"id":15860,"date":"2016-09-23T21:24:01","date_gmt":"2016-09-24T04:24:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.rop.org\/?page_id=8063"},"modified":"2020-12-30T04:25:18","modified_gmt":"2020-12-30T04:25:18","slug":"josephine-county","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/zh\/section-i\/oregons-patriot-movement-today\/josephine-county\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7ea6\u745f\u82ac\u53bf"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap wp-block-paragraph\">Josephine County is one of the hotspots for Hard Right activism in the Oregon, and was home to the state\u2019s most important Oath Keepers chapter, led by Joseph Rice. As we will see, former Sheriff Gil Gilbertson was a prominent constitutional sheriff before his ouster. It also is home to the Sugar Pine Mine, a recent flashpoint for the movement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In April 2015, armed activists traveled to Sugar Pine Mine in support of mine owners whose longstanding disagreement with the Bureau of Land Management had come to a head. Two miners on an unpatented claim were reported to have created a large enough operation for the Bureau to require a plan of operations to ensure environmental protections were being met. The agency sent a letter telling them to stop mining, file a plan of operations, or file an appeal. Instead the miners called in Patriot movement activists, who established three armed camps.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_1');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_1');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(1)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_1\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Tay Wiles, \u201cSugar Pine Mine, the other standoff,\u201d <em>High Country News<\/em>, February 2, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.hcn.org\/issues\/48.2\/showdown-at-sugar-pine-mine\">www.hcn.org\/issues\/48.2\/showdown-at-sugar-pine-mine<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_1').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_1', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> (Some of those present had been at the Bundy Ranch, and would later be at the Malheur occupation.) The Bureau of Land Management backed off, and after a couple of months the camps disbanded. After this event, a collection of Oregon and Idaho groups formed the Pacific Patriots Network.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Oath Keepers of Josephine County \/ Citizen Patriots of Josephine County<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Both the Oath Keepers chapter and its coordinator Joseph Rice made their names during the Sugar Pine Mine armed camps in the spring of 2015. The chapter helped launch the Pacific Patriots Network, and was active in Burns, Oregon during the Malheur Refuge occupation. Its founding in late 2012 predates the wave of chapters founded after the Bundy Ranch standoff in 2014 in Nevada\u2014where some of its members traveled to stand guard.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_2');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_2');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(2)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_2\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Ibid.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_2').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_2', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, in late August 2016, just as this report was getting ready to be printed, the Oath Keepers of Josephine County announced they had broken from the national group, and renamed themselves the Citizen Patriots of Josephine County.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_3');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_3');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(3)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_3\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">The new website is <em>Citizen Patriots of Josephine County<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cpjoco.com\">www.cpjoco.com<\/a>. It says, \u201cOur name change has been a work in process for more than a year. We have not taken the name change lightly and it was discussed with the membership and the new name \u2018Citizen Patriots of Josephine County\u2019 was suggested by Pat Fitzsimmons and best describes who we are. The name Oath Keeper is from the national organization and explains the promise many members of our organization keep close to heart to protect the US Constitution and our state constitutions&#8230;but it gave many people who wanted to participated pause thinking they had to be part of the military or law enforcement, current or veteran. \u2018Citizen Patriots\u2019 clearly discribes [sic] who we are&#8230;including you as an American.\u201d Rice confirmed that his group actually broke with the national Oath Keepers as well; email to author, August 25, 2016.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_3').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_3', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> (Because of the late nature of this, the group will be referred to in this report by its former name.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The national Oath Keepers\u2019 Media Director Jason Van Tatenhove once called the Josephine County chapter the \u201cflagship\u201d for the organization.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_4');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_4');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(4)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_4\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Quoted in Tay Wiles, \u201cSugar Pine Mine, the other standoff,\u201d <em>High Country News<\/em>, February 2, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.hcn.org\/issues\/48.2\/showdown-at-sugar-pine-mine\">www.hcn.org\/issues\/48.2\/showdown-at-sugar-pine-mine<\/a>.<br><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_4').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_4', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> And the national organization groomed it; national founder Stewart Rhodes held weekly phone meetings with the chapter even before Sugar Pine Mine, and traveled to Oregon multiple times. Josephine Oath Keeper Mary Emerick said Rhodes\u2019s goal was \u201cto turn this group into a model nationally.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_5');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_5');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(5)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_5\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cThe Oath Keepers Are Ready for War with the Federal Government,\u201d <em>Vice<\/em>, September 14, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.vice.com\/read\/miner-threat-0000747-v22n9\">www.vice.com\/read\/miner-threat-0000747-v22n9<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_5').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_5', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> Rice claims to have 1,200 members in his chapter, although you rarely see more than a few dozen at any public event.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_6');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_6');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(6)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_6\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Joseph Rice, telephone interview with author, July 17, 2016.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_6').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_6', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Josephine group has a very strong inside\/outside approach: establishing armed camps when local miners were in conflict with federal authorities, while simultaneously cultivating ties with elected officials. A Grants Pass city councilor and former county sheriff are members, and a county commissioner has appeared at their public events. But the Josephine group is distinct in promoting parallel institutions to compete with (or replace dysfunctional) governmental services. Basic services like 911 and fire are lacking in rural Josephine. There is widespread fear that a catastrophe could leave the area isolated; while right-wing apocalyptic conspiracy theories are undoubtedly fueling this fear, so is legitimate scientific evidence that a massive earthquake in the Cascadia Subduction Zone could be imminent.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_7');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_7');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_7\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(7)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_7\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Bryan M. Vance, \u201cImpending Cascadia Subduction Zone Quake Back In The News,\u201d <em>Oregon Public Broadcasting<\/em>, March 6, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.opb.org\/news\/series\/unprepared\/northwest-earthquake-cascadia-subduction-zone-unprepared\">www.opb.org\/news\/series\/unprepared\/northwest-earthquake-cascadia-subduction-zone-unprepared<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_7').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_7', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Josephine Oath Keepers are taking advantage of all these factors by engaging in community service actions to win grassroots support, getting government support for their preparedness plans, and building their own armed organizations\u2014which include community watches to replace absent law enforcement, and \u201cCommunity Preparedness Teams\u201d for emergency situations. The Oath Keepers are also working with Sovereign Citizen-style groups to set up their own judicial systems, which can \u201cindict\u201d officials, as well as be used in a post-collapse setting. They are doing these things with the collusion of local elected officials, and sometimes with the specific support of the county sheriff.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Relations with Elected Officials<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Josephine Oath Keepers has studiously cultivated good relationships with local elected officials. Then-sheriff Gil Gilbertson was one of three people who came to their first meeting, and he is currently a member. Grants Pass City Councilor Roy Lindsay is the group\u2019s treasurer, while County Commissioner Keith Heck has ridden in the Memorial Day weekend Boatnik Parade with the group.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_8');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_8');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_8\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(8)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_8\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Tay Wiles, \u201cSugar Pine Mine, the Other Standoff,\u201d <em>High Country News<\/em>, February 2, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.hcn.org\/issues\/48.2\/showdown-at-sugar-pine-mine\">www.hcn.org\/issues\/48.2\/showdown-at-sugar-pine-mine<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_8').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_8', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> State Representative Carl Wilson from District 3 (which represents part of the county, including Grants Pass) has received praise from the group.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, relations with local officials are not always cordial. In May 2014, the Oath Keepers were accused of disrupting a county commission meeting.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_9');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_9');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_9\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(9)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_9\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Jim Moore, \u201cCommission cancels meeting as protestors stand,\u201d <em>Wallowa County Chieftain<\/em>, May 15, 2014, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wallowa.com\/20140515\/commission-cancels-meeting-as-protestors-stand\">www.wallowa.com\/20140515\/commission-cancels-meeting-as-protestors-stand<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_9').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_9', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> And in June 2014, they forwarded a \u201cpetition for redress of grievance\u201d and demanded that Commissioner Cherryl Walker resign.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_10');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_10');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_10\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(10)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_10\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Jim Moore, \u201cOpen-road proposal turns up again at commissioner meeting,\u201d <em>Daily Courier <\/em>(Grants Pass, OR), June 5, 2014, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2014\/06\/05\/community\/news002.txt\">www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2014\/06\/05\/community\/news002.txt<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_10').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_10', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> After the Malheur occupation, Rice ran in the crowded race for thePosition 2 County Commission seat, against a number of other Hard Right figures, including a commissioner who had appeared in public with his group before. Rice came in fifth, with 2,332 votes (9.45 percent).<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_11');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_11');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_11\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(11)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_11\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cCommissioner Pos. #2 (Vote for 1)\u201d in \u201cStatement of Votes Cast by Geography, May 17, 2016 Primary Election, Josephine County, Oregon,\u201d <em>Josephine County, Oregon<\/em>, 5, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.co.josephine.or.us\/SIB\/files\/Clerk\/20160517230046.pdf\">www.co.josephine.or.us\/SIB\/files\/Clerk\/20160517230046.pdf<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_11').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_11', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Community Service Approach<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Oath Keepers of Josephine County takes pains to portray itself as something like a veteran\u2019s group engaged in community service, instead of a paramilitary\u2014more Elks Club than militia. Rice volunteered at Hidden Valley High School, in the Applegate Valley outside of Grants Pass, talking with students as part of a school-sponsored lunch program.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_12');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_12');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_12\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(12)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_12\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Hidden Valley High School staff, email to author, May 25, 2016; Joseph Rice, telephone interview with author, July 17, 2016.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_12').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_12', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> He also attempted to require parental permission for students to borrow Marjane Satrapi\u2019s graphic novel <em>Persepolis <\/em>from the school library.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_13');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_13');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_13\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(13)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_13\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Ruth Longoria Kingsland, \u201cControversial book spurs battle at school board meeting,\u201d <em>Mail Tribune <\/em>(Medford, OR)<em>,<\/em> September 18, 2014, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mailtribune.com\/article\/20140918\/NEWS\/140919696\">www.mailtribune.com\/article\/20140918\/NEWS\/140919696<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_13').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_13', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> Regarding the community service work and building a bottom-up political movement, Rice has said:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>We really advocate development of community. Work within your community, protect it\u2014because if everything goes down the tubes, or whatever may happen, that\u2019s where you live, that\u2019s where your family is, that\u2019s where you can have the greatest impact. And we\u2019re always focused at trying to change from the top-down, the outrage\u2014we need to start from the bottom-up, we need to start on the street we live in, then the town we live in, then the county we live in, and that\u2019s how we enact real, lasting change.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_14');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_14');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_14\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(14)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_14\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Sacks Head Radio Show, \u201cSack Heads Radio 1.6.15,\u201d radio\/podcast audio, <em>SHR Media, <\/em>Spreaker<em>, <\/em>124:55, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.spreaker.com\/user\/sackheadsradio\/sack-heads-radio-1-6-15\">www.spreaker.com\/user\/sackheadsradio\/sack-heads-radio-1-6-15<\/a>, around 16:27.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_14').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_14', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rice has also said:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>We\u2019re very service-based, everybody tends to report\u2014oh those are the guys who are militia, they go to guns\u201480 percent of what the Oath Keepers of Josephine County do is public service. We have painted the Josephine County fairgrounds, we have cleaned out horse stalls, we have maintained buildings, we\u2019ve done structural repairs, we have a ramps program\u2014that every month we build a ramp at no cost to a disabled veteran, senior citizen, handicapped. We do a veteran\u2019s outreach, we\u2019ve built a handicapped playground, we do trash pickup, we just do a variety of things. But, as we saw with the Sugar Pine Mine, when the community needs us, we\u2019ll also stand in harm\u2019s way, protecting that individual Constitutional right from governmental encroachment and overreach.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_15');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_15');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_15\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(15)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_15\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Ibid, around 13:42. For their ramp project, see \u201cCommunity Efforts,\u201d <em>Oath Keepers of Josephine County<\/em>,<em> OR<\/em>, accessed July 15, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/oathkeepersjoco.com\/community.php\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/oathkeepersjoco.com\/community.php<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_15').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_15', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Post-Sugar Pine Mine<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On May 23, 2015, part of Memorial Day weekend, the Patriot movement took a kind of victory lap by being part Boatnik Parade in Grants Pass. Participants included the Josephine County Oath Keepers, national founder Stewart Rhodes, the Central Oregon Constitutional Guard, the Southern Oregon Constitutional Guard, and the Sugar Pine Mine owners.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_16');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_16');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_16\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(16)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_16\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cJoin Us in the Boatnik Parade with Oath Keepers of Josephine County, Oregon,\u201d Meetup event for May 23, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.meetup.com\/Oath-Keepers-Oregon\/events\/222652949;\">www.meetup.com\/Oath-Keepers-Oregon\/events\/222652949;<\/a> photo of \u201cSugar Pine Mine Owners\u201d float at parade, Facebook post, May 2015. Screenshot in possession of author.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_16').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_16', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In July 2015, the Josephine Oath Keepers announced they would be part of the Protect the Protectors plan to guard military recruiting centers, and that they had spoken to Grants Pass police chief Bill Landis about this.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_17');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_17');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_17\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(17)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_17\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Mary Emerick, \u201cPRESS RELEASE\u2014Operation Protect the Protectors,\u201d <em>Oath Keepers of Josephine County<\/em>,<em> OR<\/em>, July 21, 2015, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160727190613\/http:\/\/oathkeepersjoco.com\/Articles\/News\/press_release_2015-07-21.php.<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_17').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_17', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> In August, they became involved in the opposition to removing the Fielder Dam from private land to protect salmon, and Rice approached the county commission regarding the issue. In the fall, the group became involved in the planning for the march in Burns in support of the Hammonds. Rice was at the January 2, 2016 march in Burns, spoke at the large meeting afterward, and spoke at the January 8 Committee of Safety town hall.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_18');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_18');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_18\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(18)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_18\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Joseph Rice, telephone interview with author, July 17, 2016; \u201cJan. 2, 2016 Town Hall Meeting,\u201d YouTube video, 1:08:00, April 11, 2016, posted by \u201cLiberty Under Attack,\u201d <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=A3t1SopHD18\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=A3t1SopHD18<\/a>, see around 1:45; \u201cBurns Oregon\u2014Important Committee of Safety Meeting,\u201d YouTube video, 3:18:38, posted by \u201cPete Santilli Show,\u201d January 8, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ELXMyTjMmXk\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ELXMyTjMmXk<\/a>, see 1:02:39.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_18').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_18', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> He was at the Malheur refuge twice, but was in Burns for a number of days during the occupation.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_19');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_19');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_19\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(19)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_19\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Kassi Nelson, \u201cJosephine Co. Oath Keeper meets with leaders at Malheur Refuge,\u201d <em>KOBI5<\/em>, January 4, 2016, <a href=\"https:\/\/kobi5.com\/news\/local-news\/josephine-co-oath-keeper-meets-with-leaders-at-malheur-refuge-19500\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/kobi5.com\/news\/local-news\/josephine-co-oath-keeper-meets-with-leaders-at-malheur-refuge-19500<\/span><\/a>. Rice appears at a press conference as well: \u201cFriday Jan 9th Morning Press Briefing with III%, CFCF and PPN from the Oregon Refuge Center,\u201d YouTube video, 15:52, posted by \u201cOathKeepersOK,\u201d January 10, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=yKKaFvn69DY\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=yKKaFvn69DY<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_19').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_19', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Community Watches and Preparedness Fairs<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In pursuit of these goals, the Josephine Oath Keepers were able to gain a high level of collaboration with the county sheriff\u2019s department, especially under Gil Gilbertson. At a preparedness fair it organized in Grants Pass in September 2014, national founder Stewart Rhodes spoke alongside Gilbertson, and a number local government groups tabled, including the county sheriff\u2019s department. The flyer for event contains the logos of both the sheriff\u2019s department and the local Oath Keepers, giving the public perception that it was co-sponsored by both.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_20');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_20');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_20\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(20)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_20\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Minutes of Josephine County Weekly Business Session, \u201c1. REQUESTS\/COMMENTS FROM CITIZENS,\u201d <em>Josephine County, Oregon<\/em>, September 24, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.co.josephine.or.us\/Files\/09-24-14%20WBS%20Min.pdf\">www.co.josephine.or.us\/Files\/09-24-14 WBS Min.pdf<\/a>; \u201cJosephine County Community Preparedness Fair,\u201d Meetup event on September 27, 2014, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.meetup.com\/Oath-Keepers-Oregon\/events\/208899892\">www.meetup.com\/Oath-Keepers-Oregon\/events\/208899892<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_20').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_20', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Oath Keepers also have supported the various Josephine community watches, including the Cave Junction Neighborhood Watch which hosted a disturbing meeting on December 15, 2014 that reveals the extent of collaboration between the Josephine County government and potential vigilante action. Outgoing Sheriff Gilbertson and incoming Sheriff Dave Daniel presided over the local Oath Keepers\u2019s announcement that it was forming Community Watch of Josephine County as a 501(c)3. By presiding, the sheriffs created the impression that the new group was being officially sanctioned by local law enforcement.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_21');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_21');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_21\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(21)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_21\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">For minutes of the meeting, see Minutes of Josephine County Weekly Business Session, \u201cDraft: Community Meeting with Neighborhood Watch,\u201d <em>Josephine County, Oregon<\/em>, January 14, 2015, 14\u201317, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.co.josephine.or.us\/Files\/01-14-15%20WBS%20Min.pdf\">www.co.josephine.or.us\/Files\/01-14-15 WBS Min.pdf<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_21').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_21', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> Gilbertson also was said to be part of the new group, although it does not seem to have gotten off the ground. <span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_22');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_22');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_22\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(22)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_22\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Ibid, 17. See also <em>Community Watch of Josephine County<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160626005912\/http:\/cwjoco.com\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160626005912\/http:\/\/cwjoco.com<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_22').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_22', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> Also in attendance were local Oath Keeper Joseph Rice, a local Fire Chief, and ninety people total who, according to the minutes, mostly spoke about emergency preparedness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Most concerning was the talk by the meeting\u2019s organizer, National Liberty Alliance activist Guenter Ambron. He said the meeting was to be a presentation on a newly formed fake grand jury in Oregon. The meeting announcement said these faux-juries could indict standing officials, while the meeting\u2019s minutes stressed the juries\u2019 potential role in a post-collapse situation where the judiciary had broken down.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_23');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_23');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_23\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(23)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_23\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">The announcement for the event says, \u201cThere will also be a presentation on the newly formed Oregon Unified Common Law Grand Jury. A direct action people\u2019s Lawful entity, under the US constitution, administering indictments to corruption by government officials, the corporate and private sector. A people\u2019s answer to Ferguson, it\u2019s lack of accountability. It\u2019s time for real justice.\u201d See \u201cNeighborhood Watch \u201cCommunity Meeting\u201d December 15, @5pm,\u201d <em>A Better Cave Junction<\/em>, December 14, 2014, <a href=\"https:\/\/abettercavejunction.wordpress.com\/tag\/josephine-county-sheriff-gil-gilbertson\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/abettercavejunction.wordpress.com\/tag\/josephine-county-sheriff-gil-gilbertson<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_23').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_23', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><br>At the event, Ambron:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>gave a 6 minute introductory talk on the recently registered \u2018Unified Josephine County Common Law Grand Jury\u2019, and the formation, of these \u201ccitizen organized\u201d Unified Grand Juries established in 3133 counties and in 50 states. This Grand Jury system is also factored in with the drafted \u201cCounty District Structure\u201d. During an emergency it can investigate and aid in advise on lawful intervention upon unlawful activities.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_24');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_24');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_24\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(24)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_24\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cDraft: Community Meeting with Neighborhood Watch,\u201d 17.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_24').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_24', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cCommon law grand juries\u201d are vigilante courts, typically set up to indict standing officials. In this case, it was promoted for use in an emergency situation.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_25');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_25');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_25\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(25)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_25\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Ibid.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_25').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_25', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> Ambron is now one of two Oregon contact points for the National Liberty Alliance Committees of Safety, a shadow government structure. (See National Liberty Alliance box, p. 69.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-image-16151\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"405\" height=\"645\" src=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/12-15-15-CJ-CW-meeting-e1475242542932.png\" alt=\"A Community Watch meeting in Cave Junction, Oregon featured the outgoing and incoming Josephine County sheriffs. There was also a presentation of fake courts, which claimed to be \u201cLawful\u201d entities that could indict public officials and business owners.\" class=\"wp-image-16151\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/12-15-15-CJ-CW-meeting-e1475242542932.png 405w, https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/12-15-15-CJ-CW-meeting-e1475242542932-188x300.png 188w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 405px) 100vw, 405px\" \/><figcaption>A Community Watch meeting in Cave Junction, Oregon featured the outgoing and incoming Josephine County sheriffs. There was also a presentation of fake courts, which claimed to be \u201cLawful\u201d entities that could indict public officials and business owners.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When contacted in July 2016 about the meeting, standing Sheriff Daniel said that these self-proclaimed court have no legal standing, cannot act as a replacement for existing legal mechanisms\u2014even in an emergency situation\u2014and have \u201cZero authority of the Sheriff\u2019s Office ever. Should such a thing come into place or interfere, they will be arrested appropriately and according to law.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_26');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_26');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_26\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(26)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_26\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Dave Daniel, email to author, July 19, 2016.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_26').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_26', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> Joseph Rice, for his part, denied setting up dual power structures in the county, saying that these groups were additions to existing structures\u2014not replacements for them.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_27');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_27');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_27\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(27)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_27\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Joseph Rice, telephone interview with author, July 17, 2016.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_27').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_27', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Miners, Masters, and Media<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">There are numerous other Hard Right groups in Josephine. The owners of the Sugar Pine Mine, Rick Barclay and George Backes, called in armed Patriot movement activists to establish armed camps in April 2015. The mine is in the Galice Mining District, near Merlin, outside of Grants Pass in Josephine County. Barclay is also the CEO of the Galice Mining District, and he came to Burns to protest during the Malheur occupation.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_28');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_28');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_28\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(28)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_28\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cAgenda for January 5th<sup>th<\/sup>, 2014\u201d [sic], <em>Galice Mining District,<\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/galicemining.x10.mx\/mining-news\/Jan-5-2014.pdf\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/galicemining.x10.mx\/mining-news\/Jan-5-2014.pdf<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_28').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_28', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> The Galice Mining District itself has a history of filing legal paperwork filled with markings that denote that the officers of the district are Sovereign Citizens.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_29');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_29');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_29\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(29)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_29\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cDistrict Court of the United States, District of Eugene: Galice Mining District,\u201d <em>Death and Taxes<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/deathandtaxes.com\/galicemining1.pdf\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/deathandtaxes.com\/galicemining1.pdf<\/span><\/a><u>.<\/u> A close up of the Sovereign Citizen markings are here: \u201cDistrict Court of the United States, District of Eugene: Galice Mining District,\u201d <em>Death and Taxes<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/deathandtaxes.com\/galicemining2.jpg\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/deathandtaxes.com\/galicemining2.jpg<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_29').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_29', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> The South West Oregon Mining Association and Jefferson Mining District also have ties to Hard Right politics, and the latter also promotes the Hard Right reading of \u201ccoordination.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_30');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_30');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_30\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(30)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_30\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cJefferson Mining District: Establishment Certificate,\u201d <em>Jefferson Mining District<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/ooglah.net\/Jefferson_Mining_District.html\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/ooglah.net\/Jefferson_Mining_District.html<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_30').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_30', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>News With Views<\/em> is an important Hard Right website; its publisher, Paul Walter, has ties to Roy Masters.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_31');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_31');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_31\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(31)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_31\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Paul Walter picketed a Grants Pass newspaper on behalf of Masters, who officiated Walter\u2019s wedding. <em>News With Views<\/em> also hosts an archive of Masters\u2019 writings. See Patricia Snyder, \u201cNewspaper proudest of times it\u2019s helped the community,\u201d <em>Daily Courier<\/em> (Grants Pass, OR), April 1, 2010, 12D, <a href=\"http:\/\/web.thedailycourier.com\/eedition\/2010\/04\/01\/Progress\/12.pdf\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/web.thedailycourier.com\/eedition\/2010\/04\/01\/Progress\/12.pdf<\/span><\/a>; Jim Kouri, \u201cNews With Views Editor Weds British Film Star Yutte Stensgaard,\u201d <em>News With Views<\/em>, July 3, 2013, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.newswithviews.com\/NWV-News\/news348.htm\">www.newswithviews.com\/NWV-News\/news348.htm<\/a>; \u201cRoy Masters\u2019 Archive,\u201d <em>News With Views,<\/em> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.newswithviews.com\/Masters\/royA.htm\">www.newswithviews.com\/Masters\/royA.htm<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_31').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_31', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> The site promotes many right-wing conspiracy theories, including conspiracy theories that are either thinly disguised antisemitism (or are derived from antisemitic conspiracy theories) regarding international banking cartels, \u201cCultural Marxism,\u201d and the New World Order.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_32');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_32');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_32\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(32)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_32\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">For example, one article by Alan Stang says, \u201cThe predatory Red Zionists are certainly an element of the same conspiracy for world government that includes the Council on Foreign Relations, the Trilateral Commission and the Bilderbergers, etc.\u201d Alan Stang, \u201cZionism and the Jewish Conspiracy, Part 2 of 2,\u201d <em>News With Views<\/em>, February 17, 2009, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.newswithviews.com\/Stang\/alan188.htm\">www.newswithviews.com\/Stang\/alan188.htm<\/a>. Stang is the author of <em>It\u2019s Very Simple<\/em>, which Chip Berlet and Matthew Lyons describe as portraying Martin Luther King, Jr. \u201cas an agent of a massive communist conspiracy instructed to agitate among otherwise happy Negroes to foment revolution, or at least promote demands for more collectivist federal government intrusion.\u201d See Berlet and Lyons, <em>Right-Wing Populism in America<\/em>, 181\u201382.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_32').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_32', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> Nonetheless, in Josephine County this is no barrier for standing public officials to publish on the site. Former Sheriff Gil Gilbertson published several articles, and the site endorsed him in his failed 2014 reelection bid.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_33');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_33');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_33\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(33)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_33\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cEvaluating Josephine County and Oregon Candidates and Measures,\u201d <em>News With Views<\/em>, October 21, 2014, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.newswithviews.com\/josephine_county\/josephine_county100SO.htm\">www.newswithviews.com\/josephine_county\/josephine_county100SO.htm<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_33').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_33', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> Current Josephine County Legal Counsel Wally Hicks has published four articles on the site.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_34');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_34');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_34\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(34)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_34\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">The articles by Wally Hicks in News With Views are: \u201cElecting a New Gatekeeper For Your Liberty,\u201d May 5, 2014, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.newswithviews.com\/Guest-SO\/opinion104SO.htm;\">www.newswithviews.com\/Guest-SO\/opinion104SO.htm;<\/a> \u201cWhy Having a Good Legal Counsel Is Critical to the Success of Josephine County,\u201d March 27, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.newswithviews.com\/Hicks\/wally100SO.htm\">www.newswithviews.com\/Hicks\/wally100SO.htm<\/a>; \u201cUpdate on Josephine County GMO Laws,\u201d August 4, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.newswithviews.com\/Hicks\/wally101SO.htm\">www.newswithviews.com\/Hicks\/wally101SO.htm<\/a>; \u201cKnow More About Your County Government,\u201d August 15, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.newswithviews.com\/Hicks\/wally102SO.htm\">www.newswithviews.com\/Hicks\/wally102SO.htm<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_34').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_34', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> (Note that neither Gilbertson\u2019s nor Hicks\u2019s articles reflect these kinds of conspiratorial views.) Paul Walter himself ran in the May 2016 primary for County Commission; in a crowded race he came in ninth, receiving 1,274 votes (5.16 percent).<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_35');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_35');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_35\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(35)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_35\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cStatement of Votes Cast, May 17, 2016 Primary Election, Josephine County, Summary Report,\u201d <em>Josephine County, Oregon<\/em>, 5, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.co.josephine.or.us\/SIB\/files\/Clerk\/20160517230046.pdf\">www.co.josephine.or.us\/SIB\/files\/Clerk\/20160517230046.pdf<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_35').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_35', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Josephine also is also home to the <em>Bad County<\/em> website, run by Dale Matthews, which makes videos of practically every open county meeting. Matthews also ran for County Commission in the May 2016 primary; he came in eighth out of ten candidates with 1,741 votes (7.05 percent).<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_36');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_36');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_36\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(36)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_36\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><em>Bad County<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/badcounty.com\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/badcounty.com<\/span><\/a>; \u201cCommissioner Pos. #2 (Vote for 1)\u201d in \u201cStatement of Votes Cast, May 17, 2016 Primary Election, Josephine County, Summary Report,\u201d <em>Josephine County, Oregon<\/em>, 5, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.co.josephine.or.us\/SIB\/files\/Clerk\/20160517230046.pdf\">www.co.josephine.or.us\/SIB\/files\/Clerk\/20160517230046.pdf<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_36').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_36', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> The <em>US<\/em>~<em>Observer<\/em>, which started in the 1990s as the militia movement paper the <em>Oregon Observer<\/em>, is still run today by Edward Snook.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_37');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_37');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_37\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(37)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_37\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cAll About US~Observer,\u201d <em>US~Observer<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.usobserver.com\/archive\/jan-11\/all-about-us-observer.html;\">www.usobserver.com\/archive\/jan-11\/all-about-us-observer.html<\/a>; Edward Snook, \u201cWhy a Newspaper? <em>A Must Read!<\/em>,\u201d <em>US~Observer<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.usobserver.com\/archive\/sept-08\/why-a-newspaper.htm\">www.usobserver.com\/archive\/sept-08\/why-a-newspaper.htm<\/a>. For the paper\u2019s dubious business and journalistic practices, see John Schrag, \u201cSeen a Rogue on the loose?,\u201d <em>Willamette Week<\/em>, originally published September 15, 1999, <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20000819105054\/http:\/www.wweek.com\/html\/rogue091599.html\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20000819105054\/www.wweek.com\/html\/rogue091599.html<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_37').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_37', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> The We\u2019re for A Constitutional Government PAC funds Hard Right candidates in local elections.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_38');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_38');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_38\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(38)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_38\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><em>We\u2019re for A Constitutional Government PAC<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.w4acg.com\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/www.w4acg.com<\/span><\/a>. For their finance activity and other state filings, see \u201cStatement of Organization for Political Action Committee, We\u2019re for a Constitutional Government,\u201d <em>Oregon Secretary of State<\/em>, <a href=\"https:\/\/secure.sos.state.or.us\/orestar\/sooDetail.do?sooRsn=71102\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/secure.sos.state.or.us\/orestar\/sooDetail.do?sooRsn=71102<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_38').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_38', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> The John Birch Society has a Grant Pass chapter, which sponsors candidate forums.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_39');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_39');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_39\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(39)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_39\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cAn Evening with Aaron Auer,\u201d <em>The Constitution Party of Oregon<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/constitutionpartyoregon.net\/an_evening_with_aaron_auer1.htm\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/constitutionpartyoregon.net\/an_evening_with_aaron_auer1.htm<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_39').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_39', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> And four of the five officers of the Constitution Party of Oregon are registered as living in Grants Pass, including Chair Jack Alan Brown, Jr.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_40');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_40');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_40\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(40)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_40\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cConstitution Party State Officers,\u201d <em>The Constitution Party of Oregon<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/constitutionpartyoregon.net\/Contact%20Information.htm\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/constitutionpartyoregon.net\/Contact<\/span> Information.htm<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_40').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_40', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Continuing Coordination<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the last five years, the coordination process has been brought up numerous times in the Josephine County Commission. They have invoked it in ways which have included the regularly accepted interpretation of the concept (where local governments advise federal agencies), as well as the Hard Right version (which seeks to give county government\u2019s the upper hand in land use decisions)\u2014sometimes, apparently, at the same time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In 2010, coordination was already being discussed by Josephine County Commissioners; notes show that they were reading a document, influenced by Hard Right coordination proponent Fred Kelly Grant, from a citizen\u2019s group in neighboring Jackson County.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_41');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_41');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_41\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(41)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_41\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cNatural Resources Coordinating Committee; Friday, September 15, 2010,\u201d <a href=\"http:\/\/www.co.josephine.or.us\/Files\/Natural%20Resource%2009-15-10.pdf\">www.co.josephine.or.us\/Files\/Natural Resource 09-15-10.pdf<\/a>. The document, the \u201cCoordination Process\u201d by the Jackson County Local Action Coalition (pages 3\u20137), cites Grant and strongly implies that coordination means counties have the upper hand with federal agencies.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_41').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_41', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> In July 2011, Grant himself was brought to Josephine County by then-Commission Chair Sandi Cassanelli to give two talks: one for county sheriffs, and one for the public.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_42');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_42');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_42\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(42)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_42\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Grant spoke on July 29 and 30, 2011. See Stacy D. Stumbo, \u201cAuthor of \u2018War on Rural America\u2019 hosting 2-day seminar,\u201d <em>Daily Courier <\/em>(Grants Pass, OR), July 16, 2011, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2011\/07\/16\/community\/news02.txt\">www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2011\/07\/16\/community\/news02.txt<\/a><u>.<\/u> His talk is listed on the Josephine County website a meeting for the Board of Commissioners daily agenda: \u201cJuly 30, 2011,\u201d <a href=\"http:\/\/www.co.josephine.or.us\/Calendar.asp?EventID=2609\">www.co.josephine.or.us\/Calendar.asp?EventID=2609<\/a>. Grant talks about meeting Gilbertson in Fred Kelly Grant, \u201cLand Rights Attorney Fred K. Grant responds to Huffington Post\u2019s slander,\u201d <em>Pie N Politics<\/em>, July 13, 2012, <a href=\"http:\/\/pienpolitics.com\/?p=10940\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/pienpolitics.com\/?p=10940<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_42').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_42', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> Immediately afterward, the county commission pursued coordination, and in August, then-Sheriff Gil Gilbertson also invoked coordination\u2014an unusual move for a sheriff\u2019s department.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_43');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_43');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_43\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(43)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_43\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cSubject: USFS,\u201d letter from Gil Gilbertson to USDA Forest Service, et al. on August 8, 2011, <em>Land and Water USA,<\/em> <a href=\"http:\/\/landandwaterusa.com\/Letters_GN\/2011SoundOff\/11-30GilGilbertsonLtr_PublicSafty.htm\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/landandwaterusa.com\/Letters_GN\/2011SoundOff\/11-30GilGilbertsonLtr_PublicSafty.htm<\/span><\/a>; \u201cSubject: USFS, \u201d letter from Gil Gilbertson to David Krantz on November 15, 2011, <em>Land and Water USA<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.landandwaterusa.com\/Letters_GN\/2011SoundOff\/11-30GilGilbertsonLtr.htm\">www.landandwaterusa.com\/Letters_GN\/2011SoundOff\/11-30GilGilbertsonLtr.htm<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_43').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_43', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> However, in September 2011, the county\u2019s legal counsel, Steve Rich, expressed doubts to Cassanelli about Grant\u2019s claims of legal successes with the tactic.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_44');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_44');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_44\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(44)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_44\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">The minutes are revealing of the differing interpretations of coordination: \u201cSteve [Rich] advised that his research indicated nothing in state or federal law that required coordination; that the Board can state their desire for it, but there is no case law that supports their having any more influence for having done so. Commissioner Cassanelli said it was in FLPMA 1976. <strong>Steve\u2019s research into one matter cited by Fred Kelly Grant involving a proposed transcontinental highway from Mexico to Canada, indicated that it was political pressure, not a legal argument or any statement or demand to coordinate, which determined the decision not to proceed with the highway.<\/strong> Commissioner Cassanelli said there were three cases cited by Fred Kelly Grant that demonstrated the influence of a statement to coordinate. Steve Rich asked to see those cases, as he did not find them.\u201d Emphasis added; see \u201cLegal Meeting; Tuesday, September 20, 2011\u201d minutes, <em>Josephine County<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.co.josephine.or.us\/Files\/09-20-11%20Legal.pdf\">www.co.josephine.or.us\/Files\/09-20-11%20Legal.pdf<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_44').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_44', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In fall 2013, local right-wing activist Jack Swift started pushing the idea that Josephine County should sue because its coordination requests had been ignored.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_45');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_45');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_45\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(45)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_45\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Swift was part of SORA (Southern Oregon Resource Alliance), described as \u201ca nonprofit group formed in the 1980s to protest wilderness designations. The group often battles environmental groups over land use issues.\u201d See Jim Moore, \u201cProposal would give Jo County a say in federal land plans,\u201d <em>Daily Courier <\/em>(Grants Pass, OR), November 1, 2013, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2013\/11\/01\/community\/news02.txt\">www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2013\/11\/01\/community\/news02.txt<\/a>. See also Jim Moore, \u201cLocal leaders hear plan to sue federal government over timber,\u201d <em>Daily Courier <\/em>(Grants Pass, OR), November 13, 2013, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2013\/11\/13\/front_page_news\/news02.txt\">www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2013\/11\/13\/front_page_news\/news02.txt<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_45').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_45', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> Wally Hicks ran for Josephine County legal council in 2014 on a platform that included promoting coordination; once elected, he followed through on this. He consulted on coordination guides both from federal agencies, as well the American Stewards of Liberty.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_46');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_46');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_46\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(46)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_46\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Telephone interview with author, July 18, 2016.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_46').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_46', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> In March 2015, the county sent letters to the Bureau of Land Management and U.S. Forest Service, and friendly relations were established with the latter.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_47');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_47');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_47\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(47)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_47\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Jim Moore, \u201cCounty: We want more say over federal land,\u201d <em>Daily Courier <\/em>(Grants Pass, OR), March 21, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2015\/03\/21\/front_page_news\/news00003.txt\">www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2015\/03\/21\/front_page_news\/news00003.txt<\/a>; Jim Moore, \u201cForest Service favors count\u2019s collaboration request,\u201d <em>Daily Courier <\/em>(Grants Pass, OR), March 27, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2015\/03\/27\/community\/news002.txt\">www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2015\/03\/27\/community\/news002.txt<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_47').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_47', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> In August, county officials were still complaining that the Bureau of Land Management was refusing to coordinate with them.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_48');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_48');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_48\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(48)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_48\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Jim Moore, \u201cCommissioners oppose Wild and Scenic expansion designation,\u201d <em>Daily Courier <\/em>(Grants Pass, OR), August 20, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2015\/08\/20\/front_page_news\/news05.txt\">www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2015\/08\/20\/front_page_news\/news05.txt<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_48').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_48', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> And during the May 2016 primary, two Hard Right candidates for county commission seats promoted coordination: Joseph Rice and Ronald A. Smith.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_49');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_49');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_49\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(49)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_49\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><em>Josephine County Voter\u2019s Pamphlet, Official Primary Election, May 17, 2016, <\/em>assembled by Trisha Myers (Grants Pass, OR: Josephine County, 2016), 7\u201312, 17, <u>www.co.josephine.or.us\/Files\/May 2016 Primary Election VP.pdf<\/u>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_49').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_49', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> Rice believes in the Hard Right version of coordination\u2014but Wally Hicks does not.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_50');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_50');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_50\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(50)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_50\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Joseph Rice, telephone interview with author, July 17, 2016; Wally Hicks, telephone interview with author, July 18, 2016.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_50').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_50', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It appears that, although the Josephine County Commission\u2019s path to coordination was influenced by the Hard Right version, it currently pursues its legal rights to meetings with federal agencies in an appropriate way.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Former Josephine County Sheriff Gil Gilbertson<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gil Gilbertson was Josephine County sheriff from 2007 to 2014, but his two terms have cast a long shadow on the state\u2019s Patriot movement. During this time, the county fell into a deep budget crisis; the sheriff\u2019s department was unable to respond to all 911 calls and had to release inmates from jail. Gilbertson took the opportunity to travel around the West as a star on the right-wing sheriffs\u2019 circuit, helping form one right-wing sheriffs\u2019 association while also serving as an officer on another.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Immediately after his election in 2007, Gilbertson was already writing for <em>News With Views<\/em>, a local Hard Right website that features thinly veiled antisemitic material and other wild conspiracy theories.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_51');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_51');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_51\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(51)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_51\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Gil Gilbertson\u2019s <em>News With Views<\/em> articles are: \u201cIntroducing Sheriff Gil Gilbertson,\u201d October 30, 2007, <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150317082951\/http:\/newswithviews.com\/Gilbertson\/gil.htm\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150317082951\/http:\/\/newswithviews.com\/Gilbertson\/gil.htm<\/span><\/a>; \u201cSheriff Seeking Stable Funding for His Office,\u201d July 22, 2008, <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150317091454\/http:\/newswithviews.com\/Gilbertson\/gil1.htm\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150317091454\/http:\/\/newswithviews.com\/Gilbertson\/gil1.htm<\/span><\/a>, \u201cSheriff Wants Holders of Concealed Weapon Permits to Remain Private,\u201d November 29, 2008, <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150317085507\/http:\/newswithviews.com\/Gilbertson\/gil102.htm\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150317085507\/http:\/\/newswithviews.com\/Gilbertson\/gil102.htm<\/span><\/a>; and \u201cSheriff Will Not Obey Unlawful, Unconstitutional Orders,\u201d January 18, 2013, <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150317080812\/http:\/newswithviews.com\/Gilbertson\/gil103.htm\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150317080812\/http:\/\/newswithviews.com\/Gilbertson\/gil103.htm<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_51').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_51', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> But Gilbertson says it was a conflict between local miners and the Forest Service that drove him into Patriot movement politics starting in 2009.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_52');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_52');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_52\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(52)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_52\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cSheriff Gill Gilbertson UnravelingFed 30Jan2012 a,\u201d YouTube video, 15:16, posted by \u201cCountySheriffProject.org Channel,\u201d February 22, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=QmQeJNG18vg\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=QmQeJNG18vg<\/a>, around 3:30.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_52').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_52', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> He started writing letters to the Forest Service, asking seemingly legitimate questions about obligations to enforce federal agency regulations, but also making claims such as, \u201cThe sheriff is the highest law enforcement official for that county. My understanding is that there is no other authority that supersedes the sheriff\u2019s office for that county.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_53');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_53');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_53\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(53)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_53\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Sarah Foster, \u201cOregon Sheriff Stands Up Against the U.S. Forest Service,\u201d <em>News With Views<\/em>, July 2, 2011, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.newswithviews.com\/NWV-News\/news260.htm\">www.newswithviews.com\/NWV-News\/news260.htm<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_53').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_53', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Shortly after coordination proponent Fred Kelly Grant visited Josephine in July 2011, Sheriff Gilbertson wrote the Bureau of Land Management and Forest Service, saying he had to authority to keep roads open, claiming miners had been harassed, and claiming that his office had equal rights as federal agencies via the coordination process.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_54');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_54');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_54\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(54)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_54\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cSubject: Public Safety and the Coordination Process letter of request\/intent,\u201d letter from Gil Gilbertson to USDA Forest Service, et al., <em>Land and Water USA<\/em>, August 8, 2011, <a href=\"http:\/\/landandwaterusa.com\/Letters_GN\/2011SoundOff\/11-30GilGilbertsonLtr_PublicSafty.htm\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/landandwaterusa.com\/Letters_GN\/2011SoundOff\/11-30GilGilbertsonLtr_PublicSafty.htm<\/span><\/a>; \u201cSubject: USFS, \u201d letter from Gil Gilbertson to David Krantz, <em>Land and Water USA<\/em>, November 15, 2011, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.landandwaterusa.com\/Letters_GN\/2011SoundOff\/11-30GilGilbertsonLtr.htm\">www.landandwaterusa.com\/Letters_GN\/2011SoundOff\/11-30GilGilbertsonLtr.htm<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_54').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_54', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> In November 2011 he published a paper called \u201cUnraveling Federal Jurisdiction within a State,\u201d outlining his legal beliefs, which followed Patriot movement arguments about the limited authority of federal agencies.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_55');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_55');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_55\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(55)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_55\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">By November 2011, \u201cGilbertson continued his research and recently completed a 13-page revised and updated version, retitled: <a href=\"http:\/\/api.ning.com\/files\/yYdwHv1D-1z7rCcC4-uR*8hW18iHykfUXlLBbXR-psi95ErQMDpYESO4DHXX1Ozw69kGf5sciFZBY367q7z-dpvurT1zkvCT\/Unraveling_Federal_Jurisdiction.pdf\">Unraveling Federal Jurisdiction within a State<\/a>.\u201d See Sarah Foster, \u201cOregon Sheriff Gil Gilbertson Continues Stand Against U.S. Forest Service,\u201d <em>News With Views<\/em>, November 23, 2011, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.newswithviews.com\/NWV-News\/news287.htm\">www.newswithviews.com\/NWV-News\/news287.htm<\/a>; Gil Gilbertson, \u201cUnraveling Federal Jurisdiction within a State (11-08\u201311),\u201d <a href=\"http:\/\/api.ning.com\/files\/yYdwHv1D-1z7rCcC4-uR*8hW18iHykfUXlLBbXR-psi95ErQMDpYESO4DHXX1Ozw69kGf5sciFZBY367q7z-dpvurT1zkvCT\/Unraveling_Federal_Jurisdiction.pdf\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/api.ning.com\/files\/yYdwHv1D-1z7rCcC4-uR*8hW18iHykfUXlLBbXR-psi95ErQMDpYESO4DHXX1Ozw69kGf5sciFZBY367q7z-dpvurT1zkvCT\/Unraveling_Federal_Jurisdiction.pdf<\/span><\/a>. This in turn is based on an earlier ten-page document from September 2011; see Gil Gilbertson, \u201cFederal Jurisdiction within a State,\u201d <em>US~Observer<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.usobserver.com\/archive\/sep-11\/Gil-Federal-Jurisdiction.pdf\">www.usobserver.com\/archive\/sep-11\/Gil-Federal-Jurisdiction.pdf<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_55').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_55', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In January 2012, Gilbertson (accompanied by Sheriff Palmer) met with U.S. Attorney S. Amanda Marshall in Portland. Later that month, Marshall sent Gilbertson a letter, which is worth quoting at length as it eloquently displays the differences between the federal judiciary and constitutional sheriffs:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>In your capacity as the Josephine County Sheriff, you have publicly disavowed the federal government\u2019s authority to regulate public lands. You have incorrectly stated in your public comments and writings that federal agency regulations are not valid because only Congress can make laws and Congress cannot give federal agencies the ability to write rules and regulations and enforce them as if they were law. As sheriff, you also claim that Forest Service officers have no law enforcement authority on public lands and their existence violates the 10th Amendment. We discussed these issues with you at the January 12, 2012 Sheriff\u2019s Association meeting and provided you with additional legal authorities showing that your position is incorrect.<br>\u2026.it appears that you have also stated that unpatented mining claims are private property not subject to federal regulation, and that federal officers may be arrested if they trespass onto these claims.<br>\u2026you do the miners a disservice by promoting, under the color of <em>the office of Josephine County Sheriff<\/em>, a clearly erroneous interpretation of <em>federal<\/em> law. <strong>As a result, miners are becoming increasingly confrontational with federal officers, citing your erroneous legal advice. Your continued misguided crusade will only increase the safety risks to our federal officers and members of the public who want shared access to public lands.<\/strong><span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_56');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_56');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_56\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(56)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_56\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Letter from S. Amanda Marshall to Gil Gilbertson, January 23, 2012. PDF of letter in possession of author.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_56').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_56', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> [emphasis in bold added]<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Her letter eerily prefigured the later armed camps established at Sugar Pine Mine and, eventually, the occupation of the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On January 30, 2012, Gilbertson spoke at the first Constitutional Sheriffs and Peace Officers Association (CSPOA) conference.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_57');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_57');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_57\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(57)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_57\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cSheriff Gill Gilbertson UnravelingFed 30Jan2012 a,\u201d YouTube video, 15:16, posted by \u201cCountySheriffProject.org Channel,\u201d February 22, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=QmQeJNG18vg\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=QmQeJNG18vg<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_57').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_57', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> Before the conference, he was listed as a member of the CSPOA Board of Directors, and from 2012 to August 2015 he was on the group\u2019s Council of Sheriffs, Peace Officers and Public Officials.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_58');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_58');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_58\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(58)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_58\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Constitutional Sheriffs &amp; Peace Officers Association, \u201cStand Up for the 10th Amendment &amp; Attend the Constitutional Sheriffs Convention Jan 30!,\u201d <a href=\"http:\/\/www.countysheriffproject.org\/CSPOA_Invitation_Dec29.2011.pdf\">www.countysheriffproject.org\/CSPOA_Invitation_Dec29.2011.pdf<\/a>; \u201cCSPOA Board of Directors,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130528133735\/http:\/www.countysheriffproject.org\/index.php\/faq\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130528133735\/www.countysheriffproject.org\/index.php\/faq<\/span><\/a>; CSPOA, \u201cThe Leadership\u2014CSPOA Council of Sheriffs, Peace Officers and Public Officials,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150820114146\/http:\/cspoa.org\/about\/leadership\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150820114146\/http:\/\/cspoa.org\/about\/leadership<\/span><\/a>. As of September 2015, the Council was replaced by a new, three-person Advisory Board, which did not include Gilbertson: <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150908164214\/http:\/cspoa.org\/about\/leadership\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150908164214\/http:\/\/cspoa.org\/about\/leadership<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_58').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_58', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> <em>High Country News<\/em> also reported that Gilbertson was one of three people who came to the first Josephine County Oath Keepers\u2019 meeting in Grants Pass in late 2012.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_59');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_59');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_59\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(59)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_59\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Tay Wiles, \u201cSugar Pine Mine, the Other Standoff,\u201d <em>High Country News<\/em>, February 2, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.hcn.org\/issues\/48.2\/showdown-at-sugar-pine-mine\">www.hcn.org\/issues\/48.2\/showdown-at-sugar-pine-mine<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_59').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_59', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The collapse of federal funding had a crushing effect on the Josephine County sheriff\u2019s department. On May 3, 2012, a safety levy\u2014designed to replace the lost revenue\u2014failed. Afterward, Gilbertson said, \u201cWe went from a $12 million budget to a $5.2 million budget\u2026 We reduced our workforce from, I think we had 98 down to 34, so 65 percent of our personnel were laid&nbsp;off.\u201d Unable to afford to house them, dozens of inmates were released, and the county cutback to one deputy on patrol. Some residents stopped showing up for court dates, feeling that repercussions were unlikely. Emergency calls to 911 were still answered, but in many cases no deputies were available to respond. One article recounted the details of a woman who was raped after she called 911; no officers were available to respond. In the next two years, at least four armed community watches were established in the region.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_60');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_60');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_60\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(60)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_60\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cFederal funds will help keep services in Josephine County,\u201d YouTube video, 2:13, posted by \u201cKTVL News10,\u201d August 16, 2012, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=TGXOyk4C1ZQ\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=TGXOyk4C1ZQ<\/a>; Jeff Barnard, \u201cArmed posse patrols S. Oregon timber land in sheriff\u2019s place,\u201d <em>Associated Press<\/em>\/<em>KATU 2<\/em>, October 17, 2012, <a href=\"http:\/\/katu.com\/news\/local\/armed-posse-patrols-s-oregon-timber-land-in-sheriffs-place\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/katu.com\/news\/local\/armed-posse-patrols-s-oregon-timber-land-in-sheriffs-place<\/span><\/a>; Deborah Hastings \u201cCash-strapped law enforcement agencies in Oregon stop answering calls, sending officers,\u201d <em>Daily News<\/em> (New York City), May 23, 2013, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nydailynews.com\/news\/national\/woman-oregon-raped-911-no-send-home-article-1.1353085\">www.nydailynews.com\/news\/national\/woman-oregon-raped-911-no-send-home-article-1.1353085<\/a>; Liam Moriarty, \u201cArmed Citizen Groups Fill Law Enforcement Gaps In Southern Oregon,\u201d <em>Oregon Public Broadcasting<\/em>, April 18, 2014, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.opb.org\/news\/article\/armed-citizen-groups-fill-law-enforcement-gaps\">www.opb.org\/news\/article\/armed-citizen-groups-fill-law-enforcement-gaps<\/a>; Liam Moriarty, \u201cCitizen Volunteers Arm Themselves Against Crime In Rural Oregon,\u201d <em>Oregon Public Broadcasting<\/em>, April 23, 2014, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/2014\/04\/23\/303404121\/citizen-volunteers-arm-themselves-against-crime-in-rural-oregonon\">www.npr.org\/2014\/04\/23\/303404121\/citizen-volunteers-arm-themselves-against-crime-in-rural-oregonon<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_60').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_60', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the middle of this crisis, Gilbertson\u2019s attention was focused on his newfound role as a celebrity in the world of radical right-wing sheriffs. He attended a couple California sheriffs\u2019 forums hosted by Support Rural America, and hosted his own gathering in Grants Pass in September 2012. Out of this came a new organization, the National Constitutional Sheriff\u2019s Association, of which Gilbertson was a board member.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_61');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_61');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_61\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(61)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_61\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cSupport Rural America Sheriffs\u2019 Event today !!!,\u201d <em>Pie N Politics<\/em>, July 14, 2012, <a href=\"http:\/\/pienpolitics.com\/?p=10942\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/pienpolitics.com\/?p=10942<\/span><\/a>; Tiffany Revelle, \u201cNorCal sheriffs discuss problems with federal agencies,\u201d <em>Ukiah Daily Journal<\/em>, August 21, 2012, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ukiahdailyjournal.com\/general-news\/20120821\/norcal-sheriffs-discuss-problems-with-federal-agencies\/1\">www.ukiahdailyjournal.com\/general-news\/20120821\/norcal-sheriffs-discuss-problems-with-federal-agencies\/1<\/a>; Glenda Anderson, \u201cMendocino sheriff hosts \u2018constitutional sheriffs\u2019 gathering,\u201d <em>Press Democrat<\/em> (Santa Rosa, CA), August 12, 2012, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.pressdemocrat.com\/news\/2304478-181\/mendocino-sheriff-hosts-constitutional-sheriffs\">www.pressdemocrat.com\/news\/2304478-181\/mendocino-sheriff-hosts-constitutional-sheriffs<\/a>; Liz Bowen, \u201cLiz Writes Life 9-11-12,\u201d September 11, 2012, <em>Pie N Politics<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/pienpolitics.com\/?p=11946\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/pienpolitics.com\/?p=11946<\/span><\/a>; \u201cJosephine County\u2014Support Rural America,\u201d YouTube video, 2:50:53, posted by \u201cSOJPodcast,\u201d September 30, 2012, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=xZ38iai8nig\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=xZ38iai8nig<\/a>. For the NCSA board, see \u201cNational Constitutional Sheriffs Association LLC Annual Training Convention,\u201d June 5, 2013, <a href=\"http:\/\/pienpolitics.com\/?p=16618\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/pienpolitics.com\/?p=16618<\/span><\/a>. For general information, see also <em>Support Rural America<\/em>, <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20140104055104\/http:\/supportruralamerica.com\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20140104055104\/http:\/\/supportruralamerica.com<\/span><\/a>, and <em>National Constitutional Sheriffs Association<\/em>, <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130616120351\/http:\/ncsa1.org\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130616120351\/http:\/\/ncsa1.org<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_61').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_61', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> (However, the group apparently folded after their August 2013 national convention was cancelled due to lack of interest.)<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_62');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_62');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_62\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(62)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_62\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">The NCSA announced a national convention on August 5 and 6, 2013 in Sparks, Nevada, but it was cancelled due to lack of participation. The organization apparently folded soon after. See \u201cNational Constitutional Sheriffs Association LLC Annual Training Convention,\u201d <em>Pie N Politics<\/em>, June 5, 2013, <a href=\"http:\/\/pienpolitics.com\/?m=20130605\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/pienpolitics.com\/?m=20130605<\/span><\/a>; \u201cTraining Convention,\u201d National Constitution Sheriffs Association, 2013, <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130812030410\/http:\/ncsa1.org\/training_convention\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130812030410\/http:\/\/ncsa1.org\/training_convention<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_62').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_62', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> In January 2013, Gilbertson also sent a CSPOA-inspired letter to Vice President Biden.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_63');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_63');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_63\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(63)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_63\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Gil Gilbertson, \u201cSheriff Will Not Obey Unlawful, Unconstitutional Orders,\u201d<em> News With Views<\/em>, January 18, 2013, <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150317080812\/http:\/newswithviews.com\/Gilbertson\/gil103.htm\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150317080812\/http:\/\/newswithviews.com\/Gilbertson\/gil103.htm<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_63').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_63', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In May 2013, another county safety levy failed, leaving Gilbertson\u2019s office $645,000 short of the amount required to operate at its already reduced capacity.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_64');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_64');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_64\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(64)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_64\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Associated Press, \u201cCurry, Josephine Counties Reject Public Safety Levies,\u201d <em>Oregon Public Broadcasting<\/em>, May 22, 2013, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.opb.org\/news\/article\/2-timber-counties-turn-down-tax-increases-to-pay-for-law-enforcement\">www.opb.org\/news\/article\/2-timber-counties-turn-down-tax-increases-to-pay-for-law-enforcement<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_64').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_64', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> With only one officer to patrol the county, in April 2014 Gilbertson considered recruiting volunteers to collect evidence at crime scenes.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_65');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_65');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_65\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(65)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_65\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Graham Sprague, \u201cJosephine County Sheriff Asking Volunteers To Help Investigate Crime,\u201d <em>Oregon Public Broadcasting<\/em>, April 8, 2014, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.opb.org\/radio\/programs\/thinkoutloud\/segment\/josephine-county-sheriff-asking-volunteers-to-help-investigate-crime\">www.opb.org\/radio\/programs\/thinkoutloud\/segment\/josephine-county-sheriff-asking-volunteers-to-help-investigate-crime<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_65').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_65', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In May 2014 another tax levy, which would have allowed the sheriff\u2019s department to hire more patrol deputies, failed as well. Up for re-election that November, Gilbertson continued to spend his time cavorting with Hard Right groups. In Grants Pass in June 2014\u2014in conjunction with The Liberators, a Douglas County-based group with politics similar to the Patriot movement\u2014Gilbertson cohosted an event called \u201cThe Solution Revolution\u201d that featured land transfer advocate Ken Ivory.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_66');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_66');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_66\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(66)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_66\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Grants Pass has its own police department, and the Oregon State Patrol had to step in and provide increased coverage for the county. \u201cSince the 2012 budget cuts, 72 percent of patrol calls handled by Oregon State Patrol in the county were referred to that agency by the Sheriff\u2019s Office. In 2013, state troopers investigated 797 cases in Josephine County, compared to 148 cases in nearby Jackson County, which has more than double the population.\u201d See Melissa McRobbie, \u201cGilbertson wants to be sheriff a third time,\u201d <em>Daily Courier<\/em> (Grants Pass, OR), April 23, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2016\/04\/23\/local_races\/news989.txt\">www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2016\/04\/23\/local_races\/news989.txt<\/a>. In October 2014, the first squad of volunteer crime scene investigators were supposed to start work. See Les Zaitz, \u201cJosephine County citizens becoming crime scene investigators to bolster thin police ranks,\u201d <em>Oregonian\/OregonLive,<\/em> September 19, 2014, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oregonlive.com\/pacific-northwest-news\/index.ssf\/2014\/09\/josephine_county_citizens_beco.html\">www.oregonlive.com\/pacific-northwest-news\/index.ssf\/2014\/09\/josephine_county_citizens_beco.html<\/a>; \u201cSolution Revolution is June 7, 2014,\u201d <em>Pie N Politics<\/em>, May 22, 2014, <a href=\"http:\/\/pienpolitics.com\/?p=20728\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/pienpolitics.com\/?p=20728<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_66').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_66', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In November 2014, Gilbertson lost his election to Dave Daniel, 18,282 to 14,385 (56 to 44 percent).<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_67');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_67');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_67\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(67)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_67\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cVotes Percent, Sheriff\u201d in \u201cSummary Report, Josephine County, Oregon, General Election, November 4, 2014<em>,<\/em>\u201d <em>Josephine County<\/em>, 2, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.co.josephine.or.us\/Files\/14NOV%20GENERAL.pdf\">www.co.josephine.or.us\/Files\/14NOV GENERAL.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_67').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_67', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> Along with vowing to be part of the Oath Keepers\u2019 Community Watch of Josephine County after his term ended, he also remained or became a member of the Oath Keepers, the Pacific Patriots Network, and the CSPOA.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_68');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_68');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_68\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(68)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_68\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Tay Wiles, \u201cSugar Pine Mine, the Other Standoff,\u201d <em>High Country News<\/em>, February 2, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.hcn.org\/issues\/48.2\/showdown-at-sugar-pine-mine\">www.hcn.org\/issues\/48.2\/showdown-at-sugar-pine-mine<\/a>.<br><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_68').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_68', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> During the Sugar Pine Mine incident, he expressed his support for the miners. One of his former employees, Mary Emerick, was the local Oath Keepers\u2019 press contact during this time.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_69');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_69');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_69\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(69)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_69\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">James Pogue, \u201cThe Oath Keepers Are Ready for War with the Federal Government,\u201d <em>Vice<\/em>, September 14, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.vice.com\/read\/miner-threat-0000747-v22n9\">www.vice.com\/read\/miner-threat-0000747-v22n9<\/a>. Emerick also spoke at the 2014 Community Watch meeting in Cave Junction.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_69').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_69', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> When residents, concerned about the sudden influx of paramilitaries, held a press conference, Oath Keeper Joseph Rice disrupted it\u2014while Gilbertson told media, \u201cIf I were still Sheriff, I would be right where the Oath Keepers are.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_70');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_70');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_70\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(70)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_70\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cThey are the Oath Keepers, we are the Peace Makers,\u201d <em>Rural Organizing Project<\/em>, May 7, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.rop.org\/they-are-the-oath-keepers-we-are-the-peace-makers\">www.rop.org\/they-are-the-oath-keepers-we-are-the-peace-makers<\/a>; Thomas Moriarty, \u201cResidents say Sugar Pine Mine supporters sully Josephine County&#8217;s reputation,\u201d April 24, 2015, <em>Mail Tribune<\/em> (Medford, OR), <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mailtribune.com\/article\/20150424\/NEWS\/150429701\">www.mailtribune.com\/article\/20150424\/NEWS\/150429701<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_70').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_70', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Although Gilbertson has kept a lower profile since then, his signature appears on the December 11, 2015, \u201cRedress of Grievance\u201d that Patriot movement activists and groups\u2014including the Bundy Family and the Oath Keepers\u2014were distributing in support of the Hammond family before the Malheur occupation.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_71');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_71');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_71\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(71)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_71\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">We the People\u2014United Individuals of these States United, et al., \u201cNOTICE: Redress of Grievance,\u201d dated December 11, 2015, <em>Holding Block<\/em>, December 30, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/holdingblock.blogspot.com\/2015\/12\/we-people-united-individuals-of-these.html\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/holdingblock.blogspot.com\/2015\/12\/we-people-united-individuals-of-these.html<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_71').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_71', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In April 2016, Gilbertson reappeared, asking that the Josephine County clerk\u2019s office record his \u201cMarshal of the Continental uNited States of American Oath of Office\u201d [sic]. This made-up title is part of his affiliation with a new Sovereign Citizen-style group, the Continental Court System of the united States, which includes a number of fake judges who also played roles in the Malheur occupation.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_72');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_72');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_72\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(72)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_72\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Shaun Hall, \u201cGilbertson\u2019s Path of Office Raises Eyebrows,\u201d <em>Daily Courier <\/em>(Grants Pass, OR)<em>, <\/em>June 2, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2016\/06\/02\/front_page_news\/news02.txt\">www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2016\/06\/02\/front_page_news\/news02.txt<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_72').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_72', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> (See box on group on p. 69.) In April and June July 2016, Gilbertson appeared at Cave Junction Neighborhood Watch meetings organized by Guenter Ambron. At one, the agenda included \u201csending a representative\u201d to a new Committee of Safety.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_73');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15860_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_73');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_73\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(73)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_73\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cNeighborhood Watch Leadership\/Captains Meeting\u2014Fire Season \/ form Committee Of Safety,\u201d Nextdoor event on June 13, 2016, <u><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/nextdoor.com\/events\/or\/cave-junction\/neighborhood-watch-leadershipcaptains-meeting-fire-season-form-committee-of-safety-683181?i=xxxqpstkkwjqzsxemfyf<\/span><\/u>; \u201cNeighborhood Watch Meeting With Gil Gilbertson,\u201d Nextdoor event for April 5, 2016, <a href=\"https:\/\/nextdoor.com\/events\/596111\/?i=hbevxgemtkwhqxembted\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/nextdoor.com\/events\/596111\/?i=hbevxgemtkwhqxembted<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_73').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15860_1_73', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> Apparently, any tension between the National Liberty Alliance and Continental Court System of the united States is not stopping Gilbertson and Ambron from working together.<\/p>\n<div class=\"speaker-mute footnotes_reference_container\"> <div class=\"footnote_container_prepare\"><p><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_label pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_15860_1();\">References<\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button\" style=\"\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_15860_1();\">[<a id=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_15860_1\">+<\/a>]<\/span><\/p><\/div> <div id=\"footnote_references_container_15860_1\" style=\"display: none;\"><table class=\"footnotes_table footnote-reference-container\"><caption class=\"accessibility\">References<\/caption> <tbody> \r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_1');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_1\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>1<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Tay Wiles, \u201cSugar Pine Mine, the other standoff,\u201d <em>High Country News<\/em>, February 2, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.hcn.org\/issues\/48.2\/showdown-at-sugar-pine-mine\">www.hcn.org\/issues\/48.2\/showdown-at-sugar-pine-mine<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi\" ><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_2\" class=\"footnote_backlink\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_2');\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>2,<\/a> <a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_25\" class=\"footnote_backlink\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_25');\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>25<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Ibid.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_3');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_3\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>3<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">The new website is <em>Citizen Patriots of Josephine County<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cpjoco.com\">www.cpjoco.com<\/a>. It says, \u201cOur name change has been a work in process for more than a year. We have not taken the name change lightly and it was discussed with the membership and the new name \u2018Citizen Patriots of Josephine County\u2019 was suggested by Pat Fitzsimmons and best describes who we are. The name Oath Keeper is from the national organization and explains the promise many members of our organization keep close to heart to protect the US Constitution and our state constitutions&#8230;but it gave many people who wanted to participated pause thinking they had to be part of the military or law enforcement, current or veteran. \u2018Citizen Patriots\u2019 clearly discribes [sic] who we are&#8230;including you as an American.\u201d Rice confirmed that his group actually broke with the national Oath Keepers as well; email to author, August 25, 2016.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_4');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_4\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>4<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Quoted in Tay Wiles, \u201cSugar Pine Mine, the other standoff,\u201d <em>High Country News<\/em>, February 2, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.hcn.org\/issues\/48.2\/showdown-at-sugar-pine-mine\">www.hcn.org\/issues\/48.2\/showdown-at-sugar-pine-mine<\/a>.<br><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_5');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_5\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>5<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cThe Oath Keepers Are Ready for War with the Federal Government,\u201d <em>Vice<\/em>, September 14, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.vice.com\/read\/miner-threat-0000747-v22n9\">www.vice.com\/read\/miner-threat-0000747-v22n9<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi\" ><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_6\" class=\"footnote_backlink\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_6');\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>6,<\/a> <a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_27\" class=\"footnote_backlink\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_27');\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>27<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Joseph Rice, telephone interview with author, July 17, 2016.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_7');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_7\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>7<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Bryan M. Vance, \u201cImpending Cascadia Subduction Zone Quake Back In The News,\u201d <em>Oregon Public Broadcasting<\/em>, March 6, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.opb.org\/news\/series\/unprepared\/northwest-earthquake-cascadia-subduction-zone-unprepared\">www.opb.org\/news\/series\/unprepared\/northwest-earthquake-cascadia-subduction-zone-unprepared<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi\" ><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_8\" class=\"footnote_backlink\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_8');\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>8,<\/a> <a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_59\" class=\"footnote_backlink\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_59');\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>59<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Tay Wiles, \u201cSugar Pine Mine, the Other Standoff,\u201d <em>High Country News<\/em>, February 2, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.hcn.org\/issues\/48.2\/showdown-at-sugar-pine-mine\">www.hcn.org\/issues\/48.2\/showdown-at-sugar-pine-mine<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_9');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_9\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>9<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Jim Moore, \u201cCommission cancels meeting as protestors stand,\u201d <em>Wallowa County Chieftain<\/em>, May 15, 2014, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wallowa.com\/20140515\/commission-cancels-meeting-as-protestors-stand\">www.wallowa.com\/20140515\/commission-cancels-meeting-as-protestors-stand<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_10');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_10\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>10<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Jim Moore, \u201cOpen-road proposal turns up again at commissioner meeting,\u201d <em>Daily Courier <\/em>(Grants Pass, OR), June 5, 2014, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2014\/06\/05\/community\/news002.txt\">www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2014\/06\/05\/community\/news002.txt<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_11');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_11\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>11<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cCommissioner Pos. #2 (Vote for 1)\u201d in \u201cStatement of Votes Cast by Geography, May 17, 2016 Primary Election, Josephine County, Oregon,\u201d <em>Josephine County, Oregon<\/em>, 5, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.co.josephine.or.us\/SIB\/files\/Clerk\/20160517230046.pdf\">www.co.josephine.or.us\/SIB\/files\/Clerk\/20160517230046.pdf<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_12');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_12\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>12<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Hidden Valley High School staff, email to author, May 25, 2016; Joseph Rice, telephone interview with author, July 17, 2016.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_13');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_13\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>13<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Ruth Longoria Kingsland, \u201cControversial book spurs battle at school board meeting,\u201d <em>Mail Tribune <\/em>(Medford, OR)<em>,<\/em> September 18, 2014, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mailtribune.com\/article\/20140918\/NEWS\/140919696\">www.mailtribune.com\/article\/20140918\/NEWS\/140919696<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_14');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_14\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>14<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Sacks Head Radio Show, \u201cSack Heads Radio 1.6.15,\u201d radio\/podcast audio, <em>SHR Media, <\/em>Spreaker<em>, <\/em>124:55, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.spreaker.com\/user\/sackheadsradio\/sack-heads-radio-1-6-15\">www.spreaker.com\/user\/sackheadsradio\/sack-heads-radio-1-6-15<\/a>, around 16:27.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_15');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_15\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>15<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Ibid, around 13:42. For their ramp project, see \u201cCommunity Efforts,\u201d <em>Oath Keepers of Josephine County<\/em>,<em> OR<\/em>, accessed July 15, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/oathkeepersjoco.com\/community.php\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/oathkeepersjoco.com\/community.php<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_16');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_16\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>16<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cJoin Us in the Boatnik Parade with Oath Keepers of Josephine County, Oregon,\u201d Meetup event for May 23, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.meetup.com\/Oath-Keepers-Oregon\/events\/222652949;\">www.meetup.com\/Oath-Keepers-Oregon\/events\/222652949;<\/a> photo of \u201cSugar Pine Mine Owners\u201d float at parade, Facebook post, May 2015. Screenshot in possession of author.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_17');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_17\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>17<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Mary Emerick, \u201cPRESS RELEASE\u2014Operation Protect the Protectors,\u201d <em>Oath Keepers of Josephine County<\/em>,<em> OR<\/em>, July 21, 2015, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160727190613\/http:\/\/oathkeepersjoco.com\/Articles\/News\/press_release_2015-07-21.php.<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_18');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_18\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>18<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Joseph Rice, telephone interview with author, July 17, 2016; \u201cJan. 2, 2016 Town Hall Meeting,\u201d YouTube video, 1:08:00, April 11, 2016, posted by \u201cLiberty Under Attack,\u201d <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=A3t1SopHD18\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=A3t1SopHD18<\/a>, see around 1:45; \u201cBurns Oregon\u2014Important Committee of Safety Meeting,\u201d YouTube video, 3:18:38, posted by \u201cPete Santilli Show,\u201d January 8, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ELXMyTjMmXk\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ELXMyTjMmXk<\/a>, see 1:02:39.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_19');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_19\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>19<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Kassi Nelson, \u201cJosephine Co. Oath Keeper meets with leaders at Malheur Refuge,\u201d <em>KOBI5<\/em>, January 4, 2016, <a href=\"https:\/\/kobi5.com\/news\/local-news\/josephine-co-oath-keeper-meets-with-leaders-at-malheur-refuge-19500\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/kobi5.com\/news\/local-news\/josephine-co-oath-keeper-meets-with-leaders-at-malheur-refuge-19500<\/span><\/a>. Rice appears at a press conference as well: \u201cFriday Jan 9th Morning Press Briefing with III%, CFCF and PPN from the Oregon Refuge Center,\u201d YouTube video, 15:52, posted by \u201cOathKeepersOK,\u201d January 10, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=yKKaFvn69DY\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=yKKaFvn69DY<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_20');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_20\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>20<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Minutes of Josephine County Weekly Business Session, \u201c1. REQUESTS\/COMMENTS FROM CITIZENS,\u201d <em>Josephine County, Oregon<\/em>, September 24, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.co.josephine.or.us\/Files\/09-24-14%20WBS%20Min.pdf\">www.co.josephine.or.us\/Files\/09-24-14 WBS Min.pdf<\/a>; \u201cJosephine County Community Preparedness Fair,\u201d Meetup event on September 27, 2014, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.meetup.com\/Oath-Keepers-Oregon\/events\/208899892\">www.meetup.com\/Oath-Keepers-Oregon\/events\/208899892<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_21');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_21\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>21<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">For minutes of the meeting, see Minutes of Josephine County Weekly Business Session, \u201cDraft: Community Meeting with Neighborhood Watch,\u201d <em>Josephine County, Oregon<\/em>, January 14, 2015, 14\u201317, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.co.josephine.or.us\/Files\/01-14-15%20WBS%20Min.pdf\">www.co.josephine.or.us\/Files\/01-14-15 WBS Min.pdf<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_22');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_22\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>22<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Ibid, 17. See also <em>Community Watch of Josephine County<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160626005912\/http:\/cwjoco.com\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160626005912\/http:\/\/cwjoco.com<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_23');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_23\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>23<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">The announcement for the event says, \u201cThere will also be a presentation on the newly formed Oregon Unified Common Law Grand Jury. A direct action people\u2019s Lawful entity, under the US constitution, administering indictments to corruption by government officials, the corporate and private sector. A people\u2019s answer to Ferguson, it\u2019s lack of accountability. It\u2019s time for real justice.\u201d See \u201cNeighborhood Watch \u201cCommunity Meeting\u201d December 15, @5pm,\u201d <em>A Better Cave Junction<\/em>, December 14, 2014, <a href=\"https:\/\/abettercavejunction.wordpress.com\/tag\/josephine-county-sheriff-gil-gilbertson\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/abettercavejunction.wordpress.com\/tag\/josephine-county-sheriff-gil-gilbertson<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_24');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_24\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>24<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cDraft: Community Meeting with Neighborhood Watch,\u201d 17.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_26');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_26\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>26<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Dave Daniel, email to author, July 19, 2016.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_28');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_28\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>28<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cAgenda for January 5th<sup>th<\/sup>, 2014\u201d [sic], <em>Galice Mining District,<\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/galicemining.x10.mx\/mining-news\/Jan-5-2014.pdf\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/galicemining.x10.mx\/mining-news\/Jan-5-2014.pdf<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_29');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_29\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>29<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cDistrict Court of the United States, District of Eugene: Galice Mining District,\u201d <em>Death and Taxes<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/deathandtaxes.com\/galicemining1.pdf\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/deathandtaxes.com\/galicemining1.pdf<\/span><\/a><u>.<\/u> A close up of the Sovereign Citizen markings are here: \u201cDistrict Court of the United States, District of Eugene: Galice Mining District,\u201d <em>Death and Taxes<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/deathandtaxes.com\/galicemining2.jpg\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/deathandtaxes.com\/galicemining2.jpg<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_30');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_30\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>30<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cJefferson Mining District: Establishment Certificate,\u201d <em>Jefferson Mining District<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/ooglah.net\/Jefferson_Mining_District.html\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/ooglah.net\/Jefferson_Mining_District.html<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_31');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_31\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>31<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Paul Walter picketed a Grants Pass newspaper on behalf of Masters, who officiated Walter\u2019s wedding. <em>News With Views<\/em> also hosts an archive of Masters\u2019 writings. See Patricia Snyder, \u201cNewspaper proudest of times it\u2019s helped the community,\u201d <em>Daily Courier<\/em> (Grants Pass, OR), April 1, 2010, 12D, <a href=\"http:\/\/web.thedailycourier.com\/eedition\/2010\/04\/01\/Progress\/12.pdf\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/web.thedailycourier.com\/eedition\/2010\/04\/01\/Progress\/12.pdf<\/span><\/a>; Jim Kouri, \u201cNews With Views Editor Weds British Film Star Yutte Stensgaard,\u201d <em>News With Views<\/em>, July 3, 2013, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.newswithviews.com\/NWV-News\/news348.htm\">www.newswithviews.com\/NWV-News\/news348.htm<\/a>; \u201cRoy Masters\u2019 Archive,\u201d <em>News With Views,<\/em> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.newswithviews.com\/Masters\/royA.htm\">www.newswithviews.com\/Masters\/royA.htm<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_32');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_32\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>32<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">For example, one article by Alan Stang says, \u201cThe predatory Red Zionists are certainly an element of the same conspiracy for world government that includes the Council on Foreign Relations, the Trilateral Commission and the Bilderbergers, etc.\u201d Alan Stang, \u201cZionism and the Jewish Conspiracy, Part 2 of 2,\u201d <em>News With Views<\/em>, February 17, 2009, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.newswithviews.com\/Stang\/alan188.htm\">www.newswithviews.com\/Stang\/alan188.htm<\/a>. Stang is the author of <em>It\u2019s Very Simple<\/em>, which Chip Berlet and Matthew Lyons describe as portraying Martin Luther King, Jr. \u201cas an agent of a massive communist conspiracy instructed to agitate among otherwise happy Negroes to foment revolution, or at least promote demands for more collectivist federal government intrusion.\u201d See Berlet and Lyons, <em>Right-Wing Populism in America<\/em>, 181\u201382.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_33');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_33\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>33<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cEvaluating Josephine County and Oregon Candidates and Measures,\u201d <em>News With Views<\/em>, October 21, 2014, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.newswithviews.com\/josephine_county\/josephine_county100SO.htm\">www.newswithviews.com\/josephine_county\/josephine_county100SO.htm<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_34');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_34\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>34<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">The articles by Wally Hicks in News With Views are: \u201cElecting a New Gatekeeper For Your Liberty,\u201d May 5, 2014, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.newswithviews.com\/Guest-SO\/opinion104SO.htm;\">www.newswithviews.com\/Guest-SO\/opinion104SO.htm;<\/a> \u201cWhy Having a Good Legal Counsel Is Critical to the Success of Josephine County,\u201d March 27, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.newswithviews.com\/Hicks\/wally100SO.htm\">www.newswithviews.com\/Hicks\/wally100SO.htm<\/a>; \u201cUpdate on Josephine County GMO Laws,\u201d August 4, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.newswithviews.com\/Hicks\/wally101SO.htm\">www.newswithviews.com\/Hicks\/wally101SO.htm<\/a>; \u201cKnow More About Your County Government,\u201d August 15, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.newswithviews.com\/Hicks\/wally102SO.htm\">www.newswithviews.com\/Hicks\/wally102SO.htm<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_35');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_35\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>35<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cStatement of Votes Cast, May 17, 2016 Primary Election, Josephine County, Summary Report,\u201d <em>Josephine County, Oregon<\/em>, 5, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.co.josephine.or.us\/SIB\/files\/Clerk\/20160517230046.pdf\">www.co.josephine.or.us\/SIB\/files\/Clerk\/20160517230046.pdf<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_36');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_36\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>36<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><em>Bad County<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/badcounty.com\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/badcounty.com<\/span><\/a>; \u201cCommissioner Pos. #2 (Vote for 1)\u201d in \u201cStatement of Votes Cast, May 17, 2016 Primary Election, Josephine County, Summary Report,\u201d <em>Josephine County, Oregon<\/em>, 5, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.co.josephine.or.us\/SIB\/files\/Clerk\/20160517230046.pdf\">www.co.josephine.or.us\/SIB\/files\/Clerk\/20160517230046.pdf<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_37');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_37\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>37<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cAll About US~Observer,\u201d <em>US~Observer<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.usobserver.com\/archive\/jan-11\/all-about-us-observer.html;\">www.usobserver.com\/archive\/jan-11\/all-about-us-observer.html<\/a>; Edward Snook, \u201cWhy a Newspaper? <em>A Must Read!<\/em>,\u201d <em>US~Observer<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.usobserver.com\/archive\/sept-08\/why-a-newspaper.htm\">www.usobserver.com\/archive\/sept-08\/why-a-newspaper.htm<\/a>. For the paper\u2019s dubious business and journalistic practices, see John Schrag, \u201cSeen a Rogue on the loose?,\u201d <em>Willamette Week<\/em>, originally published September 15, 1999, <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20000819105054\/http:\/www.wweek.com\/html\/rogue091599.html\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20000819105054\/www.wweek.com\/html\/rogue091599.html<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_38');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_38\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>38<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><em>We\u2019re for A Constitutional Government PAC<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.w4acg.com\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/www.w4acg.com<\/span><\/a>. For their finance activity and other state filings, see \u201cStatement of Organization for Political Action Committee, We\u2019re for a Constitutional Government,\u201d <em>Oregon Secretary of State<\/em>, <a href=\"https:\/\/secure.sos.state.or.us\/orestar\/sooDetail.do?sooRsn=71102\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/secure.sos.state.or.us\/orestar\/sooDetail.do?sooRsn=71102<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_39');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_39\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>39<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cAn Evening with Aaron Auer,\u201d <em>The Constitution Party of Oregon<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/constitutionpartyoregon.net\/an_evening_with_aaron_auer1.htm\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/constitutionpartyoregon.net\/an_evening_with_aaron_auer1.htm<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_40');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_40\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>40<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cConstitution Party State Officers,\u201d <em>The Constitution Party of Oregon<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/constitutionpartyoregon.net\/Contact%20Information.htm\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/constitutionpartyoregon.net\/Contact<\/span> Information.htm<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_41');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_41\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>41<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cNatural Resources Coordinating Committee; Friday, September 15, 2010,\u201d <a href=\"http:\/\/www.co.josephine.or.us\/Files\/Natural%20Resource%2009-15-10.pdf\">www.co.josephine.or.us\/Files\/Natural Resource 09-15-10.pdf<\/a>. The document, the \u201cCoordination Process\u201d by the Jackson County Local Action Coalition (pages 3\u20137), cites Grant and strongly implies that coordination means counties have the upper hand with federal agencies.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_42');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_42\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>42<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Grant spoke on July 29 and 30, 2011. See Stacy D. Stumbo, \u201cAuthor of \u2018War on Rural America\u2019 hosting 2-day seminar,\u201d <em>Daily Courier <\/em>(Grants Pass, OR), July 16, 2011, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2011\/07\/16\/community\/news02.txt\">www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2011\/07\/16\/community\/news02.txt<\/a><u>.<\/u> His talk is listed on the Josephine County website a meeting for the Board of Commissioners daily agenda: \u201cJuly 30, 2011,\u201d <a href=\"http:\/\/www.co.josephine.or.us\/Calendar.asp?EventID=2609\">www.co.josephine.or.us\/Calendar.asp?EventID=2609<\/a>. Grant talks about meeting Gilbertson in Fred Kelly Grant, \u201cLand Rights Attorney Fred K. Grant responds to Huffington Post\u2019s slander,\u201d <em>Pie N Politics<\/em>, July 13, 2012, <a href=\"http:\/\/pienpolitics.com\/?p=10940\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/pienpolitics.com\/?p=10940<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_43');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_43\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>43<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cSubject: USFS,\u201d letter from Gil Gilbertson to USDA Forest Service, et al. on August 8, 2011, <em>Land and Water USA,<\/em> <a href=\"http:\/\/landandwaterusa.com\/Letters_GN\/2011SoundOff\/11-30GilGilbertsonLtr_PublicSafty.htm\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/landandwaterusa.com\/Letters_GN\/2011SoundOff\/11-30GilGilbertsonLtr_PublicSafty.htm<\/span><\/a>; \u201cSubject: USFS, \u201d letter from Gil Gilbertson to David Krantz on November 15, 2011, <em>Land and Water USA<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.landandwaterusa.com\/Letters_GN\/2011SoundOff\/11-30GilGilbertsonLtr.htm\">www.landandwaterusa.com\/Letters_GN\/2011SoundOff\/11-30GilGilbertsonLtr.htm<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_44');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_44\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>44<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">The minutes are revealing of the differing interpretations of coordination: \u201cSteve [Rich] advised that his research indicated nothing in state or federal law that required coordination; that the Board can state their desire for it, but there is no case law that supports their having any more influence for having done so. Commissioner Cassanelli said it was in FLPMA 1976. <strong>Steve\u2019s research into one matter cited by Fred Kelly Grant involving a proposed transcontinental highway from Mexico to Canada, indicated that it was political pressure, not a legal argument or any statement or demand to coordinate, which determined the decision not to proceed with the highway.<\/strong> Commissioner Cassanelli said there were three cases cited by Fred Kelly Grant that demonstrated the influence of a statement to coordinate. Steve Rich asked to see those cases, as he did not find them.\u201d Emphasis added; see \u201cLegal Meeting; Tuesday, September 20, 2011\u201d minutes, <em>Josephine County<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.co.josephine.or.us\/Files\/09-20-11%20Legal.pdf\">www.co.josephine.or.us\/Files\/09-20-11%20Legal.pdf<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_45');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_45\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>45<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Swift was part of SORA (Southern Oregon Resource Alliance), described as \u201ca nonprofit group formed in the 1980s to protest wilderness designations. The group often battles environmental groups over land use issues.\u201d See Jim Moore, \u201cProposal would give Jo County a say in federal land plans,\u201d <em>Daily Courier <\/em>(Grants Pass, OR), November 1, 2013, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2013\/11\/01\/community\/news02.txt\">www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2013\/11\/01\/community\/news02.txt<\/a>. See also Jim Moore, \u201cLocal leaders hear plan to sue federal government over timber,\u201d <em>Daily Courier <\/em>(Grants Pass, OR), November 13, 2013, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2013\/11\/13\/front_page_news\/news02.txt\">www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2013\/11\/13\/front_page_news\/news02.txt<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_46');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_46\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>46<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Telephone interview with author, July 18, 2016.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_47');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_47\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>47<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Jim Moore, \u201cCounty: We want more say over federal land,\u201d <em>Daily Courier <\/em>(Grants Pass, OR), March 21, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2015\/03\/21\/front_page_news\/news00003.txt\">www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2015\/03\/21\/front_page_news\/news00003.txt<\/a>; Jim Moore, \u201cForest Service favors count\u2019s collaboration request,\u201d <em>Daily Courier <\/em>(Grants Pass, OR), March 27, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2015\/03\/27\/community\/news002.txt\">www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2015\/03\/27\/community\/news002.txt<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_48');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_48\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>48<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Jim Moore, \u201cCommissioners oppose Wild and Scenic expansion designation,\u201d <em>Daily Courier <\/em>(Grants Pass, OR), August 20, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2015\/08\/20\/front_page_news\/news05.txt\">www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2015\/08\/20\/front_page_news\/news05.txt<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_49');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_49\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>49<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><em>Josephine County Voter\u2019s Pamphlet, Official Primary Election, May 17, 2016, <\/em>assembled by Trisha Myers (Grants Pass, OR: Josephine County, 2016), 7\u201312, 17, <u>www.co.josephine.or.us\/Files\/May 2016 Primary Election VP.pdf<\/u>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_50');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_50\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>50<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Joseph Rice, telephone interview with author, July 17, 2016; Wally Hicks, telephone interview with author, July 18, 2016.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_51');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_51\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>51<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Gil Gilbertson\u2019s <em>News With Views<\/em> articles are: \u201cIntroducing Sheriff Gil Gilbertson,\u201d October 30, 2007, <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150317082951\/http:\/newswithviews.com\/Gilbertson\/gil.htm\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150317082951\/http:\/\/newswithviews.com\/Gilbertson\/gil.htm<\/span><\/a>; \u201cSheriff Seeking Stable Funding for His Office,\u201d July 22, 2008, <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150317091454\/http:\/newswithviews.com\/Gilbertson\/gil1.htm\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150317091454\/http:\/\/newswithviews.com\/Gilbertson\/gil1.htm<\/span><\/a>, \u201cSheriff Wants Holders of Concealed Weapon Permits to Remain Private,\u201d November 29, 2008, <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150317085507\/http:\/newswithviews.com\/Gilbertson\/gil102.htm\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150317085507\/http:\/\/newswithviews.com\/Gilbertson\/gil102.htm<\/span><\/a>; and \u201cSheriff Will Not Obey Unlawful, Unconstitutional Orders,\u201d January 18, 2013, <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150317080812\/http:\/newswithviews.com\/Gilbertson\/gil103.htm\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150317080812\/http:\/\/newswithviews.com\/Gilbertson\/gil103.htm<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_52');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_52\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>52<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cSheriff Gill Gilbertson UnravelingFed 30Jan2012 a,\u201d YouTube video, 15:16, posted by \u201cCountySheriffProject.org Channel,\u201d February 22, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=QmQeJNG18vg\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=QmQeJNG18vg<\/a>, around 3:30.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_53');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_53\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>53<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Sarah Foster, \u201cOregon Sheriff Stands Up Against the U.S. Forest Service,\u201d <em>News With Views<\/em>, July 2, 2011, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.newswithviews.com\/NWV-News\/news260.htm\">www.newswithviews.com\/NWV-News\/news260.htm<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_54');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_54\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>54<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cSubject: Public Safety and the Coordination Process letter of request\/intent,\u201d letter from Gil Gilbertson to USDA Forest Service, et al., <em>Land and Water USA<\/em>, August 8, 2011, <a href=\"http:\/\/landandwaterusa.com\/Letters_GN\/2011SoundOff\/11-30GilGilbertsonLtr_PublicSafty.htm\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/landandwaterusa.com\/Letters_GN\/2011SoundOff\/11-30GilGilbertsonLtr_PublicSafty.htm<\/span><\/a>; \u201cSubject: USFS, \u201d letter from Gil Gilbertson to David Krantz, <em>Land and Water USA<\/em>, November 15, 2011, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.landandwaterusa.com\/Letters_GN\/2011SoundOff\/11-30GilGilbertsonLtr.htm\">www.landandwaterusa.com\/Letters_GN\/2011SoundOff\/11-30GilGilbertsonLtr.htm<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_55');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_55\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>55<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">By November 2011, \u201cGilbertson continued his research and recently completed a 13-page revised and updated version, retitled: <a href=\"http:\/\/api.ning.com\/files\/yYdwHv1D-1z7rCcC4-uR*8hW18iHykfUXlLBbXR-psi95ErQMDpYESO4DHXX1Ozw69kGf5sciFZBY367q7z-dpvurT1zkvCT\/Unraveling_Federal_Jurisdiction.pdf\">Unraveling Federal Jurisdiction within a State<\/a>.\u201d See Sarah Foster, \u201cOregon Sheriff Gil Gilbertson Continues Stand Against U.S. Forest Service,\u201d <em>News With Views<\/em>, November 23, 2011, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.newswithviews.com\/NWV-News\/news287.htm\">www.newswithviews.com\/NWV-News\/news287.htm<\/a>; Gil Gilbertson, \u201cUnraveling Federal Jurisdiction within a State (11-08\u201311),\u201d <a href=\"http:\/\/api.ning.com\/files\/yYdwHv1D-1z7rCcC4-uR*8hW18iHykfUXlLBbXR-psi95ErQMDpYESO4DHXX1Ozw69kGf5sciFZBY367q7z-dpvurT1zkvCT\/Unraveling_Federal_Jurisdiction.pdf\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/api.ning.com\/files\/yYdwHv1D-1z7rCcC4-uR*8hW18iHykfUXlLBbXR-psi95ErQMDpYESO4DHXX1Ozw69kGf5sciFZBY367q7z-dpvurT1zkvCT\/Unraveling_Federal_Jurisdiction.pdf<\/span><\/a>. This in turn is based on an earlier ten-page document from September 2011; see Gil Gilbertson, \u201cFederal Jurisdiction within a State,\u201d <em>US~Observer<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.usobserver.com\/archive\/sep-11\/Gil-Federal-Jurisdiction.pdf\">www.usobserver.com\/archive\/sep-11\/Gil-Federal-Jurisdiction.pdf<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_56');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_56\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>56<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Letter from S. Amanda Marshall to Gil Gilbertson, January 23, 2012. PDF of letter in possession of author.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_57');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_57\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>57<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cSheriff Gill Gilbertson UnravelingFed 30Jan2012 a,\u201d YouTube video, 15:16, posted by \u201cCountySheriffProject.org Channel,\u201d February 22, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=QmQeJNG18vg\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=QmQeJNG18vg<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_58');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_58\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>58<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Constitutional Sheriffs &amp; Peace Officers Association, \u201cStand Up for the 10th Amendment &amp; Attend the Constitutional Sheriffs Convention Jan 30!,\u201d <a href=\"http:\/\/www.countysheriffproject.org\/CSPOA_Invitation_Dec29.2011.pdf\">www.countysheriffproject.org\/CSPOA_Invitation_Dec29.2011.pdf<\/a>; \u201cCSPOA Board of Directors,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130528133735\/http:\/www.countysheriffproject.org\/index.php\/faq\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130528133735\/www.countysheriffproject.org\/index.php\/faq<\/span><\/a>; CSPOA, \u201cThe Leadership\u2014CSPOA Council of Sheriffs, Peace Officers and Public Officials,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150820114146\/http:\/cspoa.org\/about\/leadership\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150820114146\/http:\/\/cspoa.org\/about\/leadership<\/span><\/a>. As of September 2015, the Council was replaced by a new, three-person Advisory Board, which did not include Gilbertson: <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150908164214\/http:\/cspoa.org\/about\/leadership\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150908164214\/http:\/\/cspoa.org\/about\/leadership<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_60');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_60\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>60<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cFederal funds will help keep services in Josephine County,\u201d YouTube video, 2:13, posted by \u201cKTVL News10,\u201d August 16, 2012, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=TGXOyk4C1ZQ\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=TGXOyk4C1ZQ<\/a>; Jeff Barnard, \u201cArmed posse patrols S. Oregon timber land in sheriff\u2019s place,\u201d <em>Associated Press<\/em>\/<em>KATU 2<\/em>, October 17, 2012, <a href=\"http:\/\/katu.com\/news\/local\/armed-posse-patrols-s-oregon-timber-land-in-sheriffs-place\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/katu.com\/news\/local\/armed-posse-patrols-s-oregon-timber-land-in-sheriffs-place<\/span><\/a>; Deborah Hastings \u201cCash-strapped law enforcement agencies in Oregon stop answering calls, sending officers,\u201d <em>Daily News<\/em> (New York City), May 23, 2013, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nydailynews.com\/news\/national\/woman-oregon-raped-911-no-send-home-article-1.1353085\">www.nydailynews.com\/news\/national\/woman-oregon-raped-911-no-send-home-article-1.1353085<\/a>; Liam Moriarty, \u201cArmed Citizen Groups Fill Law Enforcement Gaps In Southern Oregon,\u201d <em>Oregon Public Broadcasting<\/em>, April 18, 2014, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.opb.org\/news\/article\/armed-citizen-groups-fill-law-enforcement-gaps\">www.opb.org\/news\/article\/armed-citizen-groups-fill-law-enforcement-gaps<\/a>; Liam Moriarty, \u201cCitizen Volunteers Arm Themselves Against Crime In Rural Oregon,\u201d <em>Oregon Public Broadcasting<\/em>, April 23, 2014, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/2014\/04\/23\/303404121\/citizen-volunteers-arm-themselves-against-crime-in-rural-oregonon\">www.npr.org\/2014\/04\/23\/303404121\/citizen-volunteers-arm-themselves-against-crime-in-rural-oregonon<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_61');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_61\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>61<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cSupport Rural America Sheriffs\u2019 Event today !!!,\u201d <em>Pie N Politics<\/em>, July 14, 2012, <a href=\"http:\/\/pienpolitics.com\/?p=10942\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/pienpolitics.com\/?p=10942<\/span><\/a>; Tiffany Revelle, \u201cNorCal sheriffs discuss problems with federal agencies,\u201d <em>Ukiah Daily Journal<\/em>, August 21, 2012, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ukiahdailyjournal.com\/general-news\/20120821\/norcal-sheriffs-discuss-problems-with-federal-agencies\/1\">www.ukiahdailyjournal.com\/general-news\/20120821\/norcal-sheriffs-discuss-problems-with-federal-agencies\/1<\/a>; Glenda Anderson, \u201cMendocino sheriff hosts \u2018constitutional sheriffs\u2019 gathering,\u201d <em>Press Democrat<\/em> (Santa Rosa, CA), August 12, 2012, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.pressdemocrat.com\/news\/2304478-181\/mendocino-sheriff-hosts-constitutional-sheriffs\">www.pressdemocrat.com\/news\/2304478-181\/mendocino-sheriff-hosts-constitutional-sheriffs<\/a>; Liz Bowen, \u201cLiz Writes Life 9-11-12,\u201d September 11, 2012, <em>Pie N Politics<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/pienpolitics.com\/?p=11946\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/pienpolitics.com\/?p=11946<\/span><\/a>; \u201cJosephine County\u2014Support Rural America,\u201d YouTube video, 2:50:53, posted by \u201cSOJPodcast,\u201d September 30, 2012, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=xZ38iai8nig\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=xZ38iai8nig<\/a>. For the NCSA board, see \u201cNational Constitutional Sheriffs Association LLC Annual Training Convention,\u201d June 5, 2013, <a href=\"http:\/\/pienpolitics.com\/?p=16618\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/pienpolitics.com\/?p=16618<\/span><\/a>. For general information, see also <em>Support Rural America<\/em>, <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20140104055104\/http:\/supportruralamerica.com\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20140104055104\/http:\/\/supportruralamerica.com<\/span><\/a>, and <em>National Constitutional Sheriffs Association<\/em>, <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130616120351\/http:\/ncsa1.org\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130616120351\/http:\/\/ncsa1.org<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_62');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_62\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>62<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">The NCSA announced a national convention on August 5 and 6, 2013 in Sparks, Nevada, but it was cancelled due to lack of participation. The organization apparently folded soon after. See \u201cNational Constitutional Sheriffs Association LLC Annual Training Convention,\u201d <em>Pie N Politics<\/em>, June 5, 2013, <a href=\"http:\/\/pienpolitics.com\/?m=20130605\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/pienpolitics.com\/?m=20130605<\/span><\/a>; \u201cTraining Convention,\u201d National Constitution Sheriffs Association, 2013, <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130812030410\/http:\/ncsa1.org\/training_convention\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130812030410\/http:\/\/ncsa1.org\/training_convention<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_63');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_63\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>63<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Gil Gilbertson, \u201cSheriff Will Not Obey Unlawful, Unconstitutional Orders,\u201d<em> News With Views<\/em>, January 18, 2013, <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150317080812\/http:\/newswithviews.com\/Gilbertson\/gil103.htm\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150317080812\/http:\/\/newswithviews.com\/Gilbertson\/gil103.htm<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_64');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_64\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>64<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Associated Press, \u201cCurry, Josephine Counties Reject Public Safety Levies,\u201d <em>Oregon Public Broadcasting<\/em>, May 22, 2013, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.opb.org\/news\/article\/2-timber-counties-turn-down-tax-increases-to-pay-for-law-enforcement\">www.opb.org\/news\/article\/2-timber-counties-turn-down-tax-increases-to-pay-for-law-enforcement<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_65');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_65\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>65<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Graham Sprague, \u201cJosephine County Sheriff Asking Volunteers To Help Investigate Crime,\u201d <em>Oregon Public Broadcasting<\/em>, April 8, 2014, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.opb.org\/radio\/programs\/thinkoutloud\/segment\/josephine-county-sheriff-asking-volunteers-to-help-investigate-crime\">www.opb.org\/radio\/programs\/thinkoutloud\/segment\/josephine-county-sheriff-asking-volunteers-to-help-investigate-crime<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_66');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_66\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>66<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Grants Pass has its own police department, and the Oregon State Patrol had to step in and provide increased coverage for the county. \u201cSince the 2012 budget cuts, 72 percent of patrol calls handled by Oregon State Patrol in the county were referred to that agency by the Sheriff\u2019s Office. In 2013, state troopers investigated 797 cases in Josephine County, compared to 148 cases in nearby Jackson County, which has more than double the population.\u201d See Melissa McRobbie, \u201cGilbertson wants to be sheriff a third time,\u201d <em>Daily Courier<\/em> (Grants Pass, OR), April 23, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2016\/04\/23\/local_races\/news989.txt\">www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2016\/04\/23\/local_races\/news989.txt<\/a>. In October 2014, the first squad of volunteer crime scene investigators were supposed to start work. See Les Zaitz, \u201cJosephine County citizens becoming crime scene investigators to bolster thin police ranks,\u201d <em>Oregonian\/OregonLive,<\/em> September 19, 2014, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oregonlive.com\/pacific-northwest-news\/index.ssf\/2014\/09\/josephine_county_citizens_beco.html\">www.oregonlive.com\/pacific-northwest-news\/index.ssf\/2014\/09\/josephine_county_citizens_beco.html<\/a>; \u201cSolution Revolution is June 7, 2014,\u201d <em>Pie N Politics<\/em>, May 22, 2014, <a href=\"http:\/\/pienpolitics.com\/?p=20728\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/pienpolitics.com\/?p=20728<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_67');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_67\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>67<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cVotes Percent, Sheriff\u201d in \u201cSummary Report, Josephine County, Oregon, General Election, November 4, 2014<em>,<\/em>\u201d <em>Josephine County<\/em>, 2, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.co.josephine.or.us\/Files\/14NOV%20GENERAL.pdf\">www.co.josephine.or.us\/Files\/14NOV GENERAL.pdf<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_68');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_68\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>68<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Tay Wiles, \u201cSugar Pine Mine, the Other Standoff,\u201d <em>High Country News<\/em>, February 2, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.hcn.org\/issues\/48.2\/showdown-at-sugar-pine-mine\">www.hcn.org\/issues\/48.2\/showdown-at-sugar-pine-mine<\/a>.<br><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_69');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_69\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>69<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">James Pogue, \u201cThe Oath Keepers Are Ready for War with the Federal Government,\u201d <em>Vice<\/em>, September 14, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.vice.com\/read\/miner-threat-0000747-v22n9\">www.vice.com\/read\/miner-threat-0000747-v22n9<\/a>. Emerick also spoke at the 2014 Community Watch meeting in Cave Junction.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_70');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_70\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>70<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cThey are the Oath Keepers, we are the Peace Makers,\u201d <em>Rural Organizing Project<\/em>, May 7, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.rop.org\/they-are-the-oath-keepers-we-are-the-peace-makers\">www.rop.org\/they-are-the-oath-keepers-we-are-the-peace-makers<\/a>; Thomas Moriarty, \u201cResidents say Sugar Pine Mine supporters sully Josephine County&#8217;s reputation,\u201d April 24, 2015, <em>Mail Tribune<\/em> (Medford, OR), <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mailtribune.com\/article\/20150424\/NEWS\/150429701\">www.mailtribune.com\/article\/20150424\/NEWS\/150429701<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_71');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_71\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>71<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">We the People\u2014United Individuals of these States United, et al., \u201cNOTICE: Redress of Grievance,\u201d dated December 11, 2015, <em>Holding Block<\/em>, December 30, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/holdingblock.blogspot.com\/2015\/12\/we-people-united-individuals-of-these.html\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/holdingblock.blogspot.com\/2015\/12\/we-people-united-individuals-of-these.html<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_72');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_72\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>72<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Shaun Hall, \u201cGilbertson\u2019s Path of Office Raises Eyebrows,\u201d <em>Daily Courier <\/em>(Grants Pass, OR)<em>, <\/em>June 2, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2016\/06\/02\/front_page_news\/news02.txt\">www.thedailycourier.com\/articles\/2016\/06\/02\/front_page_news\/news02.txt<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15860_1_73');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15860_1_73\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>73<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cNeighborhood Watch Leadership\/Captains Meeting\u2014Fire Season \/ form Committee Of Safety,\u201d Nextdoor event on June 13, 2016, <u><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/nextdoor.com\/events\/or\/cave-junction\/neighborhood-watch-leadershipcaptains-meeting-fire-season-form-committee-of-safety-683181?i=xxxqpstkkwjqzsxemfyf<\/span><\/u>; \u201cNeighborhood Watch Meeting With Gil Gilbertson,\u201d Nextdoor event for April 5, 2016, <a href=\"https:\/\/nextdoor.com\/events\/596111\/?i=hbevxgemtkwhqxembted\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/nextdoor.com\/events\/596111\/?i=hbevxgemtkwhqxembted<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n <\/tbody> <\/table> <\/div><\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> function footnote_expand_reference_container_15860_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_15860_1').show(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_15860_1').text('\u2212'); } function footnote_collapse_reference_container_15860_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_15860_1').hide(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_15860_1').text('+'); } function footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_15860_1() { if (jQuery('#footnote_references_container_15860_1').is(':hidden')) { footnote_expand_reference_container_15860_1(); } else { footnote_collapse_reference_container_15860_1(); } } function footnote_moveToReference_15860_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_15860_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } } function footnote_moveToAnchor_15860_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_15860_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } }<\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Josephine County is one of the hotspots for Hard Right activism in the Oregon, and was home to the state\u2019s most important Oath Keepers chapter, led by Joseph Rice. As we will see, former Sheriff Gil Gilbertson was a prominent constitutional sheriff before his ouster. It also is home to the Sugar Pine Mine, a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":15851,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-section-i.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15860","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15860","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15860"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15860\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16235,"href":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15860\/revisions\/16235"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15851"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15860"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u53ef\u6e7f\u6027\u7c89\u5242","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}