{"id":15858,"date":"2016-09-23T21:20:43","date_gmt":"2016-09-24T04:20:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.rop.org\/?page_id=8059"},"modified":"2020-12-30T04:20:44","modified_gmt":"2020-12-30T04:20:44","slug":"grant-county","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/section-i\/oregons-patriot-movement-today\/grant-county\/","title":{"rendered":"Grant County"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap wp-block-paragraph\">Glenn Palmer is Oregon\u2019s most famous constitutional sheriff and has been in office since 2000.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_1');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_1');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(1)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_1\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Les Zaitz, \u201cState licensing board seeks investigation of Grant County sheriff who met militants,\u201d <em>Oregonian\/OregonLive,<\/em> February 18, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/02\/state_police_board_seeks_inves.html\">www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/02\/state_police_board_seeks_inves.html<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_1').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_1', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> He had a leadership role in the CSPOA for several years, and has refused to enforce state gun laws. In 2002 a Grant County ballot passed declaring it a \u201cUN-Free Zone.\u201d According to the Associated Press, \u201cThe measure states that the United Nations wants to take away people&#8217;s guns, seize private property, control the education of children and establish \u2018one world religion-Pantheism (and) world taxation.\u2019\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_2');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_2');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(2)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_2\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">John Enders, \u201cEastern Oregon county bans U.N., frees trees for taking, notwithstanding applicable federal laws\u2014Rebels With a Vote Vent Anger With Government,\u201d <em>Associated Press<\/em>, June 1, 2002, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.citizenreviewonline.org\/june_2002\/eastern_oregon_county.htm\">www.citizenreviewonline.org\/june_2002\/eastern_oregon_county.htm<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_2').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_2', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In 2011, Palmer wrote to the Malheur National Forest supervisor and refused to enter into a cooperative policing agreement, claiming that the Forest Service\u2019s jurisdiction \u201cis limited in nature to the Federal Building in John Day.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_3');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_3');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(3)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_3\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Letter from Glenn Palmer to Teresa Raaf, March 31, 2011, <em>Freedom Advocates<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.freedomadvocates.org\/download\/research\/us%20forest%20service%20opt%20out.pdf\">www.freedomadvocates.org\/download\/research\/us forest service opt out.pdf<\/a>; \u201cA Town Who\u2019s Had Enough,\u201d podcast audio, <em>Liberty First by KrisAnne Hall<\/em>, June 11, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/krisannehall.com\/a-town-whos-had-enough\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/krisannehall.com\/a-town-whos-had-enough,<\/span><\/a> around 28:00.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_3').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_3', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> Soon afterward, he claimed that county sheriffs have the power to determine whether laws are constitutional or not.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_4');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_4');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(4)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_4\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Scotta Callister, \u201cGrant sheriff takes case to the airwaves,\u201d <em>Blue Mountain Eagle<\/em>, May 4, 2011, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bluemountaineagle.com\/news\/local_news\/20110504\/grant-sheriff-takes-case-to-the-airwaves\">www.bluemountaineagle.com\/news\/local_news\/20110504\/grant-sheriff-takes-case-to-the-airwaves<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_4').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_4', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In 2011, Palmer was listed as member of CSPOA Board of Directors, and between 2012 and August 2015, he was listed on the CSPOA Council of Sheriffs, Peace Officers and Public Officials\u2014along with Josephine County\u2019s Gil Gilbertson.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_5');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_5');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(5)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_5\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Constitutional Sheriffs &amp; Peace Officers Association, \u201cStand Up for the 10th Amendment &amp; Attend the Constitutional Sheriffs Convention Jan 30!,\u201d <a href=\"http:\/\/www.countysheriffproject.org\/CSPOA_Invitation_Dec29.2011.pdf\">www.countysheriffproject.org\/CSPOA_Invitation_Dec29.2011.pdf<\/a>; \u201cCSPOA Board of Directors,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130528133735\/http:\/www.countysheriffproject.org\/index.php\/faq\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130528133735\/www.countysheriffproject.org\/index.php\/faq<\/span><\/a>; CSPOA, \u201cThe Leadership\u2014CSPOA Council of Sheriffs, Peace Officers and Public Officials,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150820114146\/http:\/cspoa.org\/about\/leadership\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150820114146\/http:\/\/cspoa.org\/about\/leadership<\/span><\/a>. As of September 2015, the Council was replaced by a new, three-person Advisory Board, which did not include Gilbertson or Palmer: <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150908164214\/http:\/cspoa.org\/about\/leadership\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150908164214\/http:\/\/cspoa.org\/about\/leadership<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_5').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_5', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> In 2012, the CSPOA gave Palmer its \u201cSheriff of the Year\u201d award at their founding conference. In 2013, he was among those sheriffs who wrote to Vice President Joe Biden announcing their refusal to enact \u201cunconstitutional\u201d gun controls passed by the federal government. In May 2015, Palmer said he would not enforce SB 941, the state law requiring registration of private gun sales.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_6');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_6');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(6)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_6\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cSheriff Glenn Palmer: 2012 CSPOA Sheriff of the Year\u201d YouTube video, 11:41, posted by \u201cCountySheriffProject.org Channel,\u201d February 10, 2012, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Z_0Jm47Dyx8\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Z_0Jm47Dyx8<\/a>; Amanda Peacher, \u201cDOJ Launches Investigation Into Grant County Sheriff,\u201d <em>Oregon Public Broadcasting<\/em>, March 17, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.opb.org\/news\/series\/burns-oregon-standoff-bundy-militia-news-updates\/grant-county-sheriff-glenn-palmerdoj-investigation\">www.opb.org\/news\/series\/burns-oregon-standoff-bundy-militia-news-updates\/grant-county-sheriff-glenn-palmerdoj-investigation<\/a>; \u201cThis Sheriff WILL NOT COMPLY With Burdensome Gun Laws,\u201d YouTube video, 1:39, posted by \u201cLaughingAtLiberals,\u201d April 1, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=xfCyhxQQ0qw\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=xfCyhxQQ0qw<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_6').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_6', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-image-16131\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"844\" height=\"226\" src=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/CSPOA-Palmer-on-Board.png\" alt=\"Flyer for 2012 CSPOA conference shows Oregon county sheriffs Glenn Palmer and Gil Gilbertson on the board of directors.\" class=\"wp-image-16131\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/CSPOA-Palmer-on-Board.png 844w, https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/CSPOA-Palmer-on-Board-300x80.png 300w, https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/CSPOA-Palmer-on-Board-768x206.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 844px) 100vw, 844px\" \/><figcaption>Flyer for 2012 CSPOA conference shows Oregon county sheriffs Glenn Palmer and Gil Gilbertson on the board of directors.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In September 2015, he went even further, invoking \u201ccoordination\u201d between the sheriff\u2019s office and the federal government regarding public lands. This plan was devised in secret; Palmer deputized eleven people to create and adopt it; only afterward did he ask for the county commission\u2019s support. The courts refused to allow it to be voted on as a referendum for technical reasons, and it was turned down by the commission for a more collaborative approach.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_7');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_7');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_7\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(7)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_7\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Sean Hart, \u201cJudge: Petition for sheriff\u2019s natural resources plan unconstitutional Judge rules initiative petition does not meet legal requirements,\u201d <em>Blue Mountain Eagle<\/em>, February 2, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bluemountaineagle.com\/Local_News\/20160202\/judge-petition-for-sheriffs-natural-resources-plan-unconstitutional;\">www.bluemountaineagle.com\/Local_News\/20160202\/judge-petition-for-sheriffs-natural-resources-plan-unconstitutional;<\/a> George Plaven, \u201cGrant County sheriff demands coordination with Forest Service,\u201d <em>East Oregonian<\/em>, October 9, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.eastoregonian.com\/eo\/local-news\/20151009\/grant-county-sheriff-demands-coordination-with-forest-service\">www.eastoregonian.com\/eo\/local-news\/20151009\/grant-county-sheriff-demands-coordination-with-forest-service<\/a>; Sean Hart, \u201cLocal collaborative awarded $4 million in federal forest restoration funding,\u201d <em>Blue Mountain Eagle<\/em>, April 5 (updated April 6), 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bluemountaineagle.com\/Local_News\/20160405\/local-collaborative-awarded-4-million-in-federal-forest-restoration-funding\">www.bluemountaineagle.com\/Local_News\/20160405\/local-collaborative-awarded-4-million-in-federal-forest-restoration-funding<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_7').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_7', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Malheur occupation in neighboring Harney County thrust Palmer into the national spotlight. Two occupiers, Ryan Payne and Jon Ritzheimer, left the refuge to meet with him on January 12, 2016; Palmer claims he was asked to attend a lunch, but did not know the occupiers would be present until he arrived. He attended a second meeting with Payne \u201ctwo days or so\u201d later.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_8');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_8');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_8\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(8)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_8\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Sean Hart, \u201cCouncil says complaints against sheriff not solicited by city,\u201d <em>Blue Mountain Eagle<\/em>, February 23, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bluemountaineagle.com\/Local_News\/20160223\/council-says-complaints-against-sheriff-not-solicited-by-city\">www.bluemountaineagle.com\/Local_News\/20160223\/council-says-complaints-against-sheriff-not-solicited-by-city<\/a>; Les Zaitz, \u201cOregon standoff: Grant County sheriff urges release of Hammonds,\u201d <em>OregonLive\/Oregonian<\/em>, January 24 (updated February 22), 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/01\/post_2.html\">www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/01\/post_2.html<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_8').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_8', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-image-16133\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" src=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Spencer-Bundy-Ritz-etc.jpg\" alt=\"Ammon Bundy (at microphone) and Jon RItzheimer (left) at a Malheur Refuge occupation press conference. (Photograph courtesy of Spencer Sunshine)\" class=\"wp-image-16133\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Spencer-Bundy-Ritz-etc.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Spencer-Bundy-Ritz-etc-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Spencer-Bundy-Ritz-etc-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption>Ammon Bundy (at microphone) and Jon RItzheimer (left) at a Malheur Refuge occupation press conference. (Photograph courtesy of Spencer Sunshine)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On January 26, 2016, the leadership of the Malheur occupation was captured and one killed when two cars of occupiers were stopped by law enforcement on the way to a community meeting in John Day. The local hosts were promoting the formation of a Committee of Safety, and Palmer was present. Just before his death, LaVoy Finicum shouted at law enforcement: \u201cI\u2019m going over to meet with the sheriff in Grant County\u201d and \u201cYou can come along with us, and talk with us over there.\u201d Upon hearing the news of the confrontation, Palmer attempted to drive to the scene, but was turned back at a roadblock.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_9');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_9');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_9\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(9)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_9\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Amanda Peacher, \u201cDOJ Launches Investigation Into Grant County Sheriff,\u201d <em>Oregon Public Broadcasting<\/em>, March 17, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.opb.org\/news\/series\/burns-oregon-standoff-bundy-militia-news-updates\/grant-county-sheriff-glenn-palmerdoj-investigation\">www.opb.org\/news\/series\/burns-oregon-standoff-bundy-militia-news-updates\/grant-county-sheriff-glenn-palmerdoj-investigation<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_9').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_9', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In March 2016, the Oregon state Justice Department opened an investigation into Palmer.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_10');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_10');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_10\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(10)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_10\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Les Zaitz, \u201cState licensing board seeks investigation of Grant County sheriff who met militants,\u201d <em>Oregonian\/OregonLive,<\/em> February 18, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/02\/state_police_board_seeks_inves.html\">www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/02\/state_police_board_seeks_inves.html<\/a>; Les Zaitz, \u201cOregon Justice Department opens investigation of Grant County sheriff,\u201d <em>Oregonian\/OregonLive<\/em>, March 17, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/03\/oregon_justice_department_open.html\">www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/03\/oregon_justice_department_open.html<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_10').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_10', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> The same month, news broke that Palmer had deputized a total of 69 citizens to serve under him. \u201cI can tell you it\u2019s not a standard practice in Oregon,\u201d according to Malheur County Sheriff (and president of the Oregon State Sheriffs\u2019 Association) Brian Wolfe.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_11');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_11');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_11\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(11)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_11\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Amanda Peacher, \u201cDOJ Launches Investigation Into Grant County Sheriff,\u201d <em>Oregon Public Broadcasting<\/em>, March 17, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.opb.org\/news\/series\/burns-oregon-standoff-bundy-militia-news-updates\/grant-county-sheriff-glenn-palmerdoj-investigation\">www.opb.org\/news\/series\/burns-oregon-standoff-bundy-militia-news-updates\/grant-county-sheriff-glenn-palmerdoj-investigation<\/a>. Les Zaitz later reported that 65 of the appointments had been made since 2010. See his \u201cSheriff Glenn Palmer makes his own rules in Grant County,\u201d <em>Oregonian\/OregonLive<\/em>, August 20 (updated August 22), 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oregonlive.com\/pacific-northwest-news\/index.ssf\/2016\/08\/grant_county_special_deputy_co.html\">www.oregonlive.com\/pacific-northwest-news\/index.ssf\/2016\/08\/grant_county_special_deputy_co.html<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_11').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_11', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> As of July 2016, Palmer had raised $20,000 in donations for his defense fund.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_12');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_12');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_12\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(12)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_12\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Les Zaitz, \u201cGrant County sheriff builds $20,000 defense fund through outside donors,\u201d <em>Oregonian\/OregonLive<\/em>, July 15, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oregonlive.com\/pacific-northwest-news\/index.ssf\/2016\/07\/grant_county_sheriff_builds_20.html\">www.oregonlive.com\/pacific-northwest-news\/index.ssf\/2016\/07\/grant_county_sheriff_builds_20.html<\/a>. These include 20 \u201cpublic lands deputies\u201d; see Les Zaitz, \u201cSheriff Glenn Palmer makes his own rules in Grant County,\u201d Les Zaitz, <em>Oregonian\/OregonLive<\/em>, August 20, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/08\/sheriff_glenn_palmer_makes_his.html#incart_river_home\">www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/08\/sheriff_glenn_palmer_makes_his.html<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_12').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_12', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> Up for reelection in November election, Palmer is being challenged by Todd McKinley, who has denounced the \u201caudacity of individuals who think they can dictate the course of Grant County, without the input of all.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_13');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_13');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_13\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(13)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_13\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cFormer Grant County undersheriff files to run against Sheriff Palmer,\u201d <em>Blue Mountain Eagle<\/em>, January 25, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bluemountaineagle.com\/Local_News\/20160125\/former-grant-county-undersheriff-files-to-run-against-sheriff-palmer\">www.bluemountaineagle.com\/Local_News\/20160125\/former-grant-county-undersheriff-files-to-run-against-sheriff-palmer<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_13').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_13', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A packed town hall in John Day waited for the Malheur occupiers that January day in response to a call to \u201cconsider forming a Committee of Safety.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_14');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_14');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_14\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(14)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_14\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Les Zaitz, \u201cOregon standoff: Grant County sheriff urges release of Hammonds,\u201d <em>OregonLive\/Oregonian<\/em>, January 24 (updated February 22), 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/01\/post_2.html\">www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/01\/post_2.html<\/a>; January 26 meeting (video, but poor audio): \u201cJohn Day, OR. Jan. 26, 2016 Community Meeting\u201d YouTube video, 1:52:25, posted by \u201cJuliet H.,\u201d March 11, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=oTfVRvGjKyo\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=oTfVRvGjKyo<\/a>; same meeting, clear audio but no video: \u201cTown hall carries on in John Day after occupiers arrested,\u201d YouTube video, 1:55:19, posted by \u201cBlue Mountain Eagle,\u201d January 27, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=qw5_K8krdZo\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=qw5_K8krdZo<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_14').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_14', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> The meeting was attended by members of the Harney County Committee of Safety, and\u2014initially at least\u2014by a uniformed Sheriff Palmer. The meeting was met by protests from the local community.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_15');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_15');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_15\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(15)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_15\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Ryan Haas, Twitter post, \u200fJanuary 26, 2016, 7:22 p.m., <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/ryanjhaas\/status\/692185874243665920\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/twitter.com\/ryanjhaas\/status\/692185874243665920<\/span><\/a>; George Plaven \u201cTown hall carries on in John Day,\u201d<em> East Oregonian<\/em>, January 26, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.eastoregonian.com\/eo\/local-news\/20160126\/town-hall-carries-on-in-john-day\">www.eastoregonian.com\/eo\/local-news\/20160126\/town-hall-carries-on-in-john-day<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_15').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_15', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> This proposed new shadow government was the first direct attempt to spread the politics of the Malheur occupation outside of Harney County.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">While Grant County did not form a Committee of Safety, it did attract a new resident: Michael Emry and his wife Becky Hudson, who had been running <em>The Voice of Idaho<\/em>, a media outlet affiliated with the 3% of Idaho. Emry came to Oregon in December, and stayed with Ammon Bundy and others.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_16');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_16');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_16\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(16)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_16\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cUnited States of America vs. Michael Ray Emry,\u201d <em>Seditionist Movement<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.seditionists.com\/emry14.pdf\">www.seditionists.com\/emry14.pdf<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_16').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_16', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> Emry was \u201cembedded\u201d with this Three Percenter group at Malheur and reported from the occupation.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_17');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_17');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_17\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(17)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_17\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Les Zaitz, \u201c\u2019Embedded\u2019 reporter tied to militia arrested in John Day on weapons charges,\u201d <em>Oregonian\/OregonLive<\/em>, May 6, 2016 (updated May 7, 2016), <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/05\/militia-tied_embedded_reporter.html\">www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/05\/militia-tied_embedded_reporter.html<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_17').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_17', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">After moving to John Day, he started a new online media project, <em>The Voice of Grant County<\/em>.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_18');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_18');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_18\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(18)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_18\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cThe Voice of Grant County, Oregon,\u201d Facebook page, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.facebook.com\/The-Voice-of-Grant-County-901946629902924\">www.facebook.com\/The-Voice-of-Grant-County-901946629902924<\/a>; <em>The Voice of Grant County<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thevoiceofgrantcountyoregon.com\">www.thevoiceofgrantcountyoregon.com<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_18').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_18', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> Emry also started to establish a \u201cCommittee of Correspondence\u201d with several men that Palmer had deputized. A flyer stated, \u201cThe goal is to provide a venue for verifying, through public discussion, the accuracy of information published by the various news agencies of Grant County.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_19');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_19');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_19\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(19)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_19\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cA Word from the Voice of Grant County Oregon,\u201d picture in possession of author.<br><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_19').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_19', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> He later told local businesses that he was starting a print newspaper. However, this project seems to have been put on hold by his arrest in May 2016 for illegal possession of a stolen machine gun that had its serial numbers removed.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_20');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_20');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_20\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(20)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_20\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Les Zaitz, \u201c\u2018Embedded\u2019 reporter tied to militia arrested in John Day on weapons charges,\u201d<em> Oregonian\/OregonLive<\/em>, May 6 (updated May 7), 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/05\/militia-tied_embedded_reporter.html\">www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/05\/militia-tied_embedded_reporter.html<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_20').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_20', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-image-16134\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" src=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Spencer-Michael-Emry.jpg\" alt=\"Michael Emry (The Voice of Idaho), an \u201cembedded\u201d reporter with the 3% of Idaho, at the Malheur occupation. Here is is speaking at Malheur occupation before the daily press conference. (Photograph courtesy of Spencer Sunshine)\" class=\"wp-image-16134\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Spencer-Michael-Emry.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Spencer-Michael-Emry-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Spencer-Michael-Emry-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption>Michael Emry (The Voice of Idaho), an \u201cembedded\u201d reporter with the 3% of Idaho, at the Malheur occupation. Here is is speaking at Malheur occupation before the daily press conference. (Photograph courtesy of Spencer Sunshine)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-image-16135\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"505\" height=\"615\" src=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Emry-CoS.vetted-facts..png\" alt=\"Michael Emry of The Voice of Grant County seeks people interested in \u201cvetted facts.\u201d\" class=\"wp-image-16135\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Emry-CoS.vetted-facts..png 505w, https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Emry-CoS.vetted-facts.-246x300.png 246w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 505px) 100vw, 505px\" \/><figcaption>Michael Emry of The Voice of Grant County seeks people interested in \u201cvetted facts.\u201d<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Emry was the second person affiliated with the Malheur occupation who was later arrested in Grant County. Scott A. Willingham was arrested in March 2016 after demanding that he be arrested or else he would start shooting law enforcement; he was held on weapons charges and later charged with destroying property at the Malheur refuge. He reportedly had asked Sheriff Palmer to grant him protection, but was refused.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_21');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15858_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_21');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_21\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(21)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_21\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Les Zaitz,\u201cOregon standoff figure arrested after threatening to shoot federal officers, DA says,\u201d <em>Oregonian\/OregonLive<\/em>, March 17 (updated March 18), 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/03\/oregon_standoff_figure_arreste.html\">www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/03\/oregon_standoff_figure_arreste.html<\/a>; Les Zaitz, \u201c\u2018Embedded\u2019 reporter tied to militia arrested in John Day on weapons charges,\u201d<em> Oregonian\/OregonLive<\/em>, May 6 (updated May 7), 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/05\/militia-tied_embedded_reporter.html\">www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/05\/militia-tied_embedded_reporter.html<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_21').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15858_1_21', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<div class=\"speaker-mute footnotes_reference_container\"> <div class=\"footnote_container_prepare\"><p><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_label pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_15858_1();\">References<\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button\" style=\"\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_15858_1();\">[<a id=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_15858_1\">+<\/a>]<\/span><\/p><\/div> <div id=\"footnote_references_container_15858_1\" style=\"display: none;\"><table class=\"footnotes_table footnote-reference-container\"><caption class=\"accessibility\">References<\/caption> <tbody> \r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15858_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_1');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_1\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>1<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Les Zaitz, \u201cState licensing board seeks investigation of Grant County sheriff who met militants,\u201d <em>Oregonian\/OregonLive,<\/em> February 18, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/02\/state_police_board_seeks_inves.html\">www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/02\/state_police_board_seeks_inves.html<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15858_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_2');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_2\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>2<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">John Enders, \u201cEastern Oregon county bans U.N., frees trees for taking, notwithstanding applicable federal laws\u2014Rebels With a Vote Vent Anger With Government,\u201d <em>Associated Press<\/em>, June 1, 2002, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.citizenreviewonline.org\/june_2002\/eastern_oregon_county.htm\">www.citizenreviewonline.org\/june_2002\/eastern_oregon_county.htm<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15858_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_3');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_3\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>3<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Letter from Glenn Palmer to Teresa Raaf, March 31, 2011, <em>Freedom Advocates<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.freedomadvocates.org\/download\/research\/us%20forest%20service%20opt%20out.pdf\">www.freedomadvocates.org\/download\/research\/us forest service opt out.pdf<\/a>; \u201cA Town Who\u2019s Had Enough,\u201d podcast audio, <em>Liberty First by KrisAnne Hall<\/em>, June 11, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/krisannehall.com\/a-town-whos-had-enough\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/krisannehall.com\/a-town-whos-had-enough,<\/span><\/a> around 28:00.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15858_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_4');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_4\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>4<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Scotta Callister, \u201cGrant sheriff takes case to the airwaves,\u201d <em>Blue Mountain Eagle<\/em>, May 4, 2011, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bluemountaineagle.com\/news\/local_news\/20110504\/grant-sheriff-takes-case-to-the-airwaves\">www.bluemountaineagle.com\/news\/local_news\/20110504\/grant-sheriff-takes-case-to-the-airwaves<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15858_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_5');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_5\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>5<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Constitutional Sheriffs &amp; Peace Officers Association, \u201cStand Up for the 10th Amendment &amp; Attend the Constitutional Sheriffs Convention Jan 30!,\u201d <a href=\"http:\/\/www.countysheriffproject.org\/CSPOA_Invitation_Dec29.2011.pdf\">www.countysheriffproject.org\/CSPOA_Invitation_Dec29.2011.pdf<\/a>; \u201cCSPOA Board of Directors,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130528133735\/http:\/www.countysheriffproject.org\/index.php\/faq\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130528133735\/www.countysheriffproject.org\/index.php\/faq<\/span><\/a>; CSPOA, \u201cThe Leadership\u2014CSPOA Council of Sheriffs, Peace Officers and Public Officials,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150820114146\/http:\/cspoa.org\/about\/leadership\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150820114146\/http:\/\/cspoa.org\/about\/leadership<\/span><\/a>. As of September 2015, the Council was replaced by a new, three-person Advisory Board, which did not include Gilbertson or Palmer: <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150908164214\/http:\/cspoa.org\/about\/leadership\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150908164214\/http:\/\/cspoa.org\/about\/leadership<\/span><\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15858_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_6');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_6\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>6<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cSheriff Glenn Palmer: 2012 CSPOA Sheriff of the Year\u201d YouTube video, 11:41, posted by \u201cCountySheriffProject.org Channel,\u201d February 10, 2012, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Z_0Jm47Dyx8\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Z_0Jm47Dyx8<\/a>; Amanda Peacher, \u201cDOJ Launches Investigation Into Grant County Sheriff,\u201d <em>Oregon Public Broadcasting<\/em>, March 17, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.opb.org\/news\/series\/burns-oregon-standoff-bundy-militia-news-updates\/grant-county-sheriff-glenn-palmerdoj-investigation\">www.opb.org\/news\/series\/burns-oregon-standoff-bundy-militia-news-updates\/grant-county-sheriff-glenn-palmerdoj-investigation<\/a>; \u201cThis Sheriff WILL NOT COMPLY With Burdensome Gun Laws,\u201d YouTube video, 1:39, posted by \u201cLaughingAtLiberals,\u201d April 1, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=xfCyhxQQ0qw\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=xfCyhxQQ0qw<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15858_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_7');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_7\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>7<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Sean Hart, \u201cJudge: Petition for sheriff\u2019s natural resources plan unconstitutional Judge rules initiative petition does not meet legal requirements,\u201d <em>Blue Mountain Eagle<\/em>, February 2, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bluemountaineagle.com\/Local_News\/20160202\/judge-petition-for-sheriffs-natural-resources-plan-unconstitutional;\">www.bluemountaineagle.com\/Local_News\/20160202\/judge-petition-for-sheriffs-natural-resources-plan-unconstitutional;<\/a> George Plaven, \u201cGrant County sheriff demands coordination with Forest Service,\u201d <em>East Oregonian<\/em>, October 9, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.eastoregonian.com\/eo\/local-news\/20151009\/grant-county-sheriff-demands-coordination-with-forest-service\">www.eastoregonian.com\/eo\/local-news\/20151009\/grant-county-sheriff-demands-coordination-with-forest-service<\/a>; Sean Hart, \u201cLocal collaborative awarded $4 million in federal forest restoration funding,\u201d <em>Blue Mountain Eagle<\/em>, April 5 (updated April 6), 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bluemountaineagle.com\/Local_News\/20160405\/local-collaborative-awarded-4-million-in-federal-forest-restoration-funding\">www.bluemountaineagle.com\/Local_News\/20160405\/local-collaborative-awarded-4-million-in-federal-forest-restoration-funding<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15858_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_8');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_8\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>8<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Sean Hart, \u201cCouncil says complaints against sheriff not solicited by city,\u201d <em>Blue Mountain Eagle<\/em>, February 23, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bluemountaineagle.com\/Local_News\/20160223\/council-says-complaints-against-sheriff-not-solicited-by-city\">www.bluemountaineagle.com\/Local_News\/20160223\/council-says-complaints-against-sheriff-not-solicited-by-city<\/a>; Les Zaitz, \u201cOregon standoff: Grant County sheriff urges release of Hammonds,\u201d <em>OregonLive\/Oregonian<\/em>, January 24 (updated February 22), 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/01\/post_2.html\">www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/01\/post_2.html<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15858_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_9');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_9\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>9<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Amanda Peacher, \u201cDOJ Launches Investigation Into Grant County Sheriff,\u201d <em>Oregon Public Broadcasting<\/em>, March 17, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.opb.org\/news\/series\/burns-oregon-standoff-bundy-militia-news-updates\/grant-county-sheriff-glenn-palmerdoj-investigation\">www.opb.org\/news\/series\/burns-oregon-standoff-bundy-militia-news-updates\/grant-county-sheriff-glenn-palmerdoj-investigation<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15858_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_10');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_10\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>10<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Les Zaitz, \u201cState licensing board seeks investigation of Grant County sheriff who met militants,\u201d <em>Oregonian\/OregonLive,<\/em> February 18, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/02\/state_police_board_seeks_inves.html\">www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/02\/state_police_board_seeks_inves.html<\/a>; Les Zaitz, \u201cOregon Justice Department opens investigation of Grant County sheriff,\u201d <em>Oregonian\/OregonLive<\/em>, March 17, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/03\/oregon_justice_department_open.html\">www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/03\/oregon_justice_department_open.html<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15858_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_11');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_11\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>11<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Amanda Peacher, \u201cDOJ Launches Investigation Into Grant County Sheriff,\u201d <em>Oregon Public Broadcasting<\/em>, March 17, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.opb.org\/news\/series\/burns-oregon-standoff-bundy-militia-news-updates\/grant-county-sheriff-glenn-palmerdoj-investigation\">www.opb.org\/news\/series\/burns-oregon-standoff-bundy-militia-news-updates\/grant-county-sheriff-glenn-palmerdoj-investigation<\/a>. Les Zaitz later reported that 65 of the appointments had been made since 2010. See his \u201cSheriff Glenn Palmer makes his own rules in Grant County,\u201d <em>Oregonian\/OregonLive<\/em>, August 20 (updated August 22), 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oregonlive.com\/pacific-northwest-news\/index.ssf\/2016\/08\/grant_county_special_deputy_co.html\">www.oregonlive.com\/pacific-northwest-news\/index.ssf\/2016\/08\/grant_county_special_deputy_co.html<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15858_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_12');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_12\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>12<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Les Zaitz, \u201cGrant County sheriff builds $20,000 defense fund through outside donors,\u201d <em>Oregonian\/OregonLive<\/em>, July 15, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oregonlive.com\/pacific-northwest-news\/index.ssf\/2016\/07\/grant_county_sheriff_builds_20.html\">www.oregonlive.com\/pacific-northwest-news\/index.ssf\/2016\/07\/grant_county_sheriff_builds_20.html<\/a>. These include 20 \u201cpublic lands deputies\u201d; see Les Zaitz, \u201cSheriff Glenn Palmer makes his own rules in Grant County,\u201d Les Zaitz, <em>Oregonian\/OregonLive<\/em>, August 20, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/08\/sheriff_glenn_palmer_makes_his.html#incart_river_home\">www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/08\/sheriff_glenn_palmer_makes_his.html<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15858_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_13');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_13\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>13<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cFormer Grant County undersheriff files to run against Sheriff Palmer,\u201d <em>Blue Mountain Eagle<\/em>, January 25, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bluemountaineagle.com\/Local_News\/20160125\/former-grant-county-undersheriff-files-to-run-against-sheriff-palmer\">www.bluemountaineagle.com\/Local_News\/20160125\/former-grant-county-undersheriff-files-to-run-against-sheriff-palmer<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15858_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_14');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_14\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>14<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Les Zaitz, \u201cOregon standoff: Grant County sheriff urges release of Hammonds,\u201d <em>OregonLive\/Oregonian<\/em>, January 24 (updated February 22), 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/01\/post_2.html\">www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/01\/post_2.html<\/a>; January 26 meeting (video, but poor audio): \u201cJohn Day, OR. Jan. 26, 2016 Community Meeting\u201d YouTube video, 1:52:25, posted by \u201cJuliet H.,\u201d March 11, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=oTfVRvGjKyo\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=oTfVRvGjKyo<\/a>; same meeting, clear audio but no video: \u201cTown hall carries on in John Day after occupiers arrested,\u201d YouTube video, 1:55:19, posted by \u201cBlue Mountain Eagle,\u201d January 27, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=qw5_K8krdZo\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=qw5_K8krdZo<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15858_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_15');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_15\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>15<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Ryan Haas, Twitter post, \u200fJanuary 26, 2016, 7:22 p.m., <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/ryanjhaas\/status\/692185874243665920\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/twitter.com\/ryanjhaas\/status\/692185874243665920<\/span><\/a>; George Plaven \u201cTown hall carries on in John Day,\u201d<em> East Oregonian<\/em>, January 26, 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.eastoregonian.com\/eo\/local-news\/20160126\/town-hall-carries-on-in-john-day\">www.eastoregonian.com\/eo\/local-news\/20160126\/town-hall-carries-on-in-john-day<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15858_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_16');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_16\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>16<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cUnited States of America vs. Michael Ray Emry,\u201d <em>Seditionist Movement<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.seditionists.com\/emry14.pdf\">www.seditionists.com\/emry14.pdf<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15858_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_17');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_17\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>17<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Les Zaitz, \u201c\u2019Embedded\u2019 reporter tied to militia arrested in John Day on weapons charges,\u201d <em>Oregonian\/OregonLive<\/em>, May 6, 2016 (updated May 7, 2016), <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/05\/militia-tied_embedded_reporter.html\">www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/05\/militia-tied_embedded_reporter.html<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15858_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_18');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_18\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>18<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cThe Voice of Grant County, Oregon,\u201d Facebook page, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.facebook.com\/The-Voice-of-Grant-County-901946629902924\">www.facebook.com\/The-Voice-of-Grant-County-901946629902924<\/a>; <em>The Voice of Grant County<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thevoiceofgrantcountyoregon.com\">www.thevoiceofgrantcountyoregon.com<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15858_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_19');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_19\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>19<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cA Word from the Voice of Grant County Oregon,\u201d picture in possession of author.<br><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15858_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_20');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_20\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>20<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Les Zaitz, \u201c\u2018Embedded\u2019 reporter tied to militia arrested in John Day on weapons charges,\u201d<em> Oregonian\/OregonLive<\/em>, May 6 (updated May 7), 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/05\/militia-tied_embedded_reporter.html\">www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/05\/militia-tied_embedded_reporter.html<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15858_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15858_1_21');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15858_1_21\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>21<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Les Zaitz,\u201cOregon standoff figure arrested after threatening to shoot federal officers, DA says,\u201d <em>Oregonian\/OregonLive<\/em>, March 17 (updated March 18), 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/03\/oregon_standoff_figure_arreste.html\">www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/03\/oregon_standoff_figure_arreste.html<\/a>; Les Zaitz, \u201c\u2018Embedded\u2019 reporter tied to militia arrested in John Day on weapons charges,\u201d<em> Oregonian\/OregonLive<\/em>, May 6 (updated May 7), 2016, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/05\/militia-tied_embedded_reporter.html\">www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/05\/militia-tied_embedded_reporter.html<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n <\/tbody> <\/table> <\/div><\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> function footnote_expand_reference_container_15858_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_15858_1').show(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_15858_1').text('\u2212'); } function footnote_collapse_reference_container_15858_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_15858_1').hide(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_15858_1').text('+'); } function footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_15858_1() { if (jQuery('#footnote_references_container_15858_1').is(':hidden')) { footnote_expand_reference_container_15858_1(); 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He had a leadership role in the CSPOA for several years, and has refused to enforce state gun laws. 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