{"id":15852,"date":"2016-09-23T09:43:15","date_gmt":"2016-09-23T16:43:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.rop.org\/?page_id=8020"},"modified":"2020-12-30T04:12:04","modified_gmt":"2020-12-30T04:12:04","slug":"patriot-movement-electoral-politics","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/ru\/section-i\/oregons-patriot-movement-today\/patriot-movement-electoral-politics\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041f\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Oregon GOP and Patriot Movement Involvement in Electoral Politics<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap wp-block-paragraph\">In Oregon today, there are a number of local and state elected officials who are known to be sympathetic to the Patriot movement, including sheriffs like former Josephine County sheriff Gil Gilbertson and Douglas County\u2019s John Hanlin. But newcomers are also seeking office in November 2016, and many ran in the May 2016 Republican primary. The most prominent new wins for the Patriot movement are Mark Callahan getting through the GOP primary to run against incumbent Democrat Ron Wyden for the U.S. Senate, while Dennis Linthicum is the Republican candidate for state senate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It is not new for the movement to have connections with Republican elected officials. In the 1990s, militia movement sympathizers included U.S. Representatives Steve Stockman from Texas and Helen Chenoweth-Hage from Idaho, as well as state and local legislators like Colorado State Representative and Senator Charlie Duke.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_1');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_1');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(1)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_1\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Stern, A Force Upon the Plain, 212\u201317.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_1').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_1', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script>&nbsp;Others were also involved in the U.S. Taxpayers Party (which changed its name to the Constitution Party in 2000).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, in Oregon today, the Patriot movement is attempting to use the Republican Party as a political vehicle\u2014its \u201cinside\u201d strategy. You will find Patriot movement activists inside the county party structures. These include Tim Smith, chair of the Harney County Committee of Safety, who is the former chair of the Harney County Republican Party. A leading figure in the Central Oregon Patriots (and a supporter of the Harney County Committee of Safety, founded by Ammon Bundy) is Ken Taylor, who through mid-2016 was treasurer and budget chairman or the Oregon Republican Party, and was also the chair of the Crook County Republican Party.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_2');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_2');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(2)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_2\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Taylor is listed on the \u201cExecutive Committee\u201d of the Oregon Republican Party, www.oregonrepublicanparty.org\/executives, and well as the county GOP chair; see \u201cCrook County,\u201d Oregon Republican Party, www.oregonrepublicanparty.org\/CrookCounty. However, he says he is no longer the county GOP chair, and that he submitted his resignation for the state positions in July 2016; email to author, August 8, 2016.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_2').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_2', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script>&nbsp;Oath Keeper Kody Justus is the vice chair of the Baker County Republican Party, and Jeff Heyen\u200e is the vice chair of Marion County Republican Party.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_3');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_3');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(3)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_3\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Heyen is active in Patriot movement social media, where he promotes involvement with the state\u2019s Republican Party. Screenshots in possession of author.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_3').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_3', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the run-up to the May 2016 primary, state Patriot movement leaders encouraged activists to become a Precinct Committee Person (PCP) in the Republican Party. (PCPs are the lowest-level position in the party; although not a government position, PCP elections are overseen by the county Board of Elections.) This is a strategy known as \u201centryism,\u201d in which smaller, usually more radical, political factions enter into larger political parties or groups, and attempt to either take them over entirely, or capture part of them, in order to turn it into a vehicle for their own ends. Many Patriot movement activists are now Oregon Republican PCPs\u2014at least 50, and quite possibly double that\u2014including leaders like John Parker, Jr., David Samuel Hill, Jeff Heyen, Joseph Rice, and Colby Damon Olsen.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_4');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_4');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(4)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_4\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">John Parker Jr. and David Samuel Hill, Facebook posts, 2016. Screenshots in possession of author. For Heyen, see \u201cCounty Officers and Delegates Officers,\u201d Marion County Republicans, www.marioncountygop.org\/county_officers_and_delegates; for Olsen, see \u201cColby Olsen,\u201d LinkedIn page, www.linkedin.com\/in\/colby-olsen-5b781689; for Rice, see \u201cPrecinct Committee Person\u2014Male Republican\u201421 Cloverlawn (REP) (Vote for 6)\u201d in \u201cStatement of Votes Cast, May 17, 2016 Primary Election, Josephine County, Summary Report,\u201d Josephine County, Oregon, 18, www.co.josephine.or.us\/SIB\/files\/Clerk\/Web Results.pdf.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_4').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_4', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script>&nbsp;Some had to be write-in candidates because they had only recently switched their affiliation so that they could infiltrate the party; party rules require those running to be registered as party members for 180 days before the election.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-image-16109\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"138\" src=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/G.-JPJ-jr.-copy-e1474314361277-300x138-1.png\" alt=\"John Parker Jr. was one of many Oregon Patriot movement activists who ran in May 2016 to become a Republican Party Precinct Committee Person (PCP).\" class=\"wp-image-16109\"\/><figcaption>John Parker Jr. was one of many Oregon Patriot movement activists who ran in May 2016 to become a Republican Party Precinct Committee Person (PCP).<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These new PCPs came to the June 20, 2016 Republican state convention, to help the Patriot movement activists gain party positions. Oath Keeper Joseph Rice became an \u201cat-large delegate\u201d to the national convention; he is also the party chair of CD2 (the second congressional district). Oregon State Representative Bill Post and State Senator Kim Thatcher are at-large delegates. Jo Rae Perkins, who unsuccessfully ran in the May 2016 primary for U.S. Representative, became an \u201celector,\u201d and the CD5 commission vice chair is now Jeff Heyen.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_5');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_5');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(5)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_5\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cOregon Republican Party Delegate Selection Convention OFFICIAL RESULTS of the elections for National Convention Delegate-Elector-Congressional District Officer Elections as of June 20th, 2016,\u201d <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/oregon.gop\/2016-official-results-national-convention-delegate-elector-cd-officer.<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_5').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_5', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-image-16110\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"674\" height=\"871\" src=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/ORP.jpg\" alt=\"The 2016 Oregon GOP delegates to the national Republican convention included a number of Patriot movement leaders, such as Joseph Rice.\" class=\"wp-image-16110\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/ORP.jpg 674w, https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/ORP-232x300.jpg 232w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 674px) 100vw, 674px\" \/><figcaption>The 2016 Oregon GOP delegates to the national Republican convention included a number of Patriot movement leaders, such as Joseph Rice.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">While this level of interaction may seem surprising to some, many of the Patriot movement\u2019s political positions are now standard planks in the GOP. The Oregon Republican Party platform calls for \u201ccoordination\u201d and transferring federal lands to \u201clocal control,\u201d and denounces Agenda 21, a non-binding United Nations resolution that some see as a conspiracy, as well as the supposed \u201cUnited Nations efforts to subvert\u201d Second Amendment rights.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_6');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_6');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(6)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_6\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cOregon Republican Party 2015 Platform, as amended October 24th 2015,\u201d Oregon Republican Party, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/oregon.gop\/sites\/default\/files\/pdfs\/ORP_2015_Platform_as_AMENDED_2015-10-24.pdf;<\/span> see sections 5.1 and 7.6.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_6').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_6', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> The platform of the national Republican Party says, &#8220;We emphatically reject UN Agenda 21 as erosive of American sovereignty, and we oppose any form of Global Tax.\u201d It also calls for the immediate transfer of federal land to state governments.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_7');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_7');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_7\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(7)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_7\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cRepublican Platform 2016,\u201d Republican National Committee, 51, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/prod-static-ngop-pbl.s3.amazonaws.com\/media\/documents\/DRAFT_12_FINAL%5B1%5D-ben_1468872234.pdf.<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_7').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_7', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These developments may have long-term implications for the Republican Party in the state, and suggests a possible trend to watch for elsewhere in the country.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">State-Level Officials<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Today, you will find state-level elected officials who are sympathetic to the Patriot movement\u2014in addition to U.S. Representative Greg Walden, who champions some movement causes. They sponsor legislation to pursue movement goals and speak publicly on activists\u2019 behalf even when they take up arms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When Patriot movement activists established armed camps around Sugar Pine Mine, State Representative Carl Wilson (District 3) wrote a letter in support of the miners\u2014earning the praise of the Oath Keepers.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_8');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_8');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_8\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(8)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_8\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">The Facebook account of the Oath Keepers of Oregon posted, \u201cEvery Politician should be supporting the miner\u2019s rights or else they are violating their oath. At least Oregon state Rep. Carl Wilson Supports Miners\u2019 Access To Due Process,\u201d May 15, 2015, www.facebook.com\/OathKeepersofOregon\/posts\/686948074750130; the Josephine County Oath Keepers posted Representative Wilson\u2019s press release on their site. \u201cRep. Carl Wilson Supports Miners\u2019 Access To Due Process,\u201d Oath Keepers of Josephine County, April 28, 2015, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/oathkeepersjoco.com\/downloads\/Rep-Carl-Wilson-Supports-Miners-Access-To-Due-Process.pdf.<\/span> Now offline.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_8').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_8', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script>&nbsp;Wilson also sponsored a failed measure to transfer federal lands to state control; it was cosponsored by State Senators Kim Thatcher (District 13) and Tim Knopp (District 27), and State Representative Duane Stark (District 4).<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_9');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_9');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_9\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(9)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_9\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cSenate Joint Memorial 7,\u201d 78th Oregon Legislative Assembly\u20142015 Regular Session, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/olis.leg.state.or.us\/liz\/2015R1\/Measures\/Overview\/SJM7;<\/span> \u201cSenate Joint Memorial 7,\u201d OregonLive\/Oregonian, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/gov.oregonlive.com\/bill\/2015\/SJM7.<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_9').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_9', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script>&nbsp;Wilson also cosponsored a bill, HB 3240 to establish a task force on federal land transfer; it, too, went nowhere.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_10');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_10');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_10\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(10)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_10\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201c2015 Regular Session: HB 3240,\u201d Oregon State Legislature, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/olis.leg.state.or.us\/liz\/2015R1\/Measures\/Overview\/HB3240<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_10').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_10', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script>&nbsp;In 2015, Wilson received a $2,500 election donation from Koch Industries (owned by the politically influential Koch Brothers, who help fund the land transfer movement).<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_11');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_11');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_11\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(11)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_11\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Jason Wilson, \u201cThe rise of militias: Patriot candidates are now getting elected in Oregon,\u201d Guardian, May 10, 2016, www.theguardian.com\/us-news\/2016\/may\/10\/patriot-movement-oregon-militias-donald-trump-election-2016.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_11').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_11', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script>&nbsp;After an uncontested primary, Wilson is up for reelection in November 2016.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_12');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_12');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_12\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(12)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_12\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cState Representative, 3rd District,\u201d May 17, 2016, Primary Election Abstract of Votes,&nbsp;42, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/sos.oregon.gov\/voting\/Documents\/P16Abstract.pdf.<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_12').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_12', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">State Representative Dallas Heard (District 2) represents Roseburg, where a lone gunman killed nine people at Umpqua Community College and whose county sheriff appears sympathetic to the Patriot movement. Heard visited occupied Malheur on January 9, 2016 on a trip organized by Coalition for Western States (COWS), a Patriot movement-affiliated group which includes elected officials and prominent movement members. (Heard said he is not a member, however.)<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_13');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_13');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_13\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(13)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_13\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">John Sepulvado, \u201cOregon Lawmaker Says Roseburg Shooting Prompted \u2018Fact-Finding\u2019 Visit To Armed Occupation,\u201d Oregon Public Broadcasting, March 20, 2016, www.opb.org\/news\/series\/burns-oregon-standoff-bundy-militia-news-updates\/roseburg-shooting-republican-politician-dallas-heard-occupation-visit.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_13').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_13', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script>&nbsp;He was uncontested in the May 2016 primary, and is up for re-election in November.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_14');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_14');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_14\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(14)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_14\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cState Representative, 2nd District,\u201d May 17, 2016, Primary Election Abstract of Votes, 41, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/sos.oregon.gov\/voting\/Documents\/P16Abstract.pdf.<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_14').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_14', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Three Republican state legislators were willing to appear at Patriot movement rallies against state gun control law SB 941: State Senator Thatcher and State Representatives Post (District 25) and Nearman (District 23) The first, a February 9, 2015 \u201cPatrick Henry Rally,\u201d was organized by the Oregon group Heirs of Patrick Henry; the Central Oregon Constitutional Guard provided \u201csecurity.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_15');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_15');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_15\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(15)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_15\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cPatrick Henry Rally,\u201d Facebook event for February 9, 2015, post by Brandi Hawkins on February 3, 2015, www.facebook.com\/events\/882773421735610\/permalink\/932186430127642.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_15').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_15', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The second rally, \u201cSB 941 I Will Not Comply,\u201d on May 30, 2015, provided a platform for national Patriot movement leaders and Sheriff Glenn Palmer; Tom McKirgan from the Oregon III%; Casey Runyan from the Heirs of Patrick Henry, Northwest; and Jeff Ford, then still Coordinator of the Oregon Oath Keepers.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_16');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_16');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_16\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(16)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_16\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Taylor W. Anderson, \u201cGun Backers Make It To Salem\u2014Before Gun Control Bills Do,\u201d Bulletin (Bend, OR), February 10, 2016, www.bendbulletin.com\/newsroomstafflist\/2867910-151\/gun-backers-make-it-to-salem-before; \u201cSpeaker list for We Will Not Comply Rally,\u201d Sipsey Street Irregulars, May 27, 2015, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/sipseystreetirregulars.blogspot.com\/2015\/05\/speakers-list-schedule-for-salem-event.html.<\/span> A video of the entire rally is available here: \u201cWe Will Not Comply Rally\u2014Salem, Oregon\u2014May 30, 2015,\u201d YouTube video, 1:10:53, posted by \u201cDevin Burghart,\u201d July 3, 2015, www.youtube.com\/watch?v=sDD7GZJLSkE. Separate videos are also available: \u201cSenator Kim Thatcher\u2014\u2018I will not comply!\u2019\u2014SB 941 Protests,\u201d YouTube video, 12:58, posted by \u201cS. Thomas Lewis,\u201d May 31, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=3oe3co_tHfU\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=3oe3co_tHfU<\/a>; \u201cBill Post\u2014\u2018I will not comply\u2019 SB 941,\u201d 7:57, posted by \u201cS. Thomas Lewis,\u201d May 31, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Ycbey1VMyCQ\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Ycbey1vMyCQ<\/a>; \u201cMike Nearman\u2014\u2018I will not comply\u2019\u2014SB 941,\u201d 2:31, posted by \u201cS. Thomas Lewis,\u201d May 31, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ystyU-kv5J4\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ystyU-kv5J4<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_16').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_16', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script>&nbsp;&nbsp;It was on stage at this rally that Vanderboegh threatened \u201ccivil war\u201d (as he did at the Bundy Ranch) as a response to the new law, calling Oregon Governor Kate Brown and others in the state government \u201ctyrants\u201d and \u201cdomestic enemies of the Constitution.\u201d Vanderboegh concluded, \u201cthis country has long had a remedy for tyrants\u2014a Second Amendment remedy. So be careful for what you wish for, Madam\u2014you may get it.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_17');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_17');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_17\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(17)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_17\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">For Vanderboegh, see \u201cWe Will Not Comply Rally\u2014Salem, Oregon\u2014May 30, 2015,\u201d 1:10:53, posted by \u201cDevin Burghart,\u201d July 3, 2015, www.youtube.com\/watch?v=sDD7GZJLSkE. His call for \u201ccivil war\u201d is around 57:15, and comments on Governor Brown around 1:04:40.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_17').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_17', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-image-16111\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"275\" src=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/SB941-Feb-15-e1474314743434-300x275-1.png\" alt=\"Speaker list for the Patriot movement organized rally in Salem, Oregon against SB 941 in February 2015.\" class=\"wp-image-16111\"\/><figcaption>Speaker list for the Patriot movement organized rally in Salem, Oregon against SB 941 in February 2015.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-image-16112\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"265\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/SB941-May-15-265x300-1.png\" alt=\"Speaker list for the Patriot movement organized rally in Salem, Oregon against SB 941 in May 2015.\" class=\"wp-image-16112\"\/><figcaption>Speaker list for the Patriot movement organized rally in Salem, Oregon against SB 941 in May 2015.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">None of the state representatives seem harmed politically by their appearances: Thatcher is not up for reelection until 2018 and Post had an uncontested primary\u2014while Nearman won his by 57.5 percent.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_18');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_18');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_18\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(18)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_18\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cState Representative, 23rd District,\u201d May 17, 2016, Primary Election Abstract of Votes, 55, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/sos.oregon.gov\/voting\/Documents\/P16Abstract.pdf.<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_18').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_18', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">U.S. Representative Greg Walden (District 2) took advantage of the Malheur occupation to make a rousing speech on the floor of Congress on January 5, 2016. While perfunctorily denouncing the illegal armed action, he noted that he had known the Hammond family, who the occupiers said they were defending, for \u201cclose to 20 years.\u201d Walden supported the occupier\u2019s demands, and spent most of his speech attacking federal land ownership. He failed to mention the Department of Justice\u2019s account of the fires that the Hammonds\u2019 were convicted for setting, or the family\u2019s history of threatening federal officials.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_19');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_19');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_19\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(19)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_19\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">A transcript of Walden\u2019s speech is in Les Zaitz, \u201cOregon militants: Walden takes BLM to woodshed\u2014transcript,\u201d January 6 (updated February 22), 2016, Oregonian\/OregonLive, www.oregonlive.com\/pacific-northwest-news\/index.ssf\/2016\/01\/post_227.html.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_19').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_19', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script>&nbsp;Both the Oath Keepers and the Pacific Patriots Network promoted his speech.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_20');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_20');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_20\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(20)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_20\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Elias Alias, \u201cRep. Greg Walden addresses U.S. House on situation in Oregon and the West,\u201d Oath Keepers, January 8, 2016, www.oathkeepers.org\/rep-greg-walden-addresses-u-s-house-on-situation-in-oregon-and-the-west; \u201cVideo,\u201d Pacific Patriots Network, January 5, 2016, www.pacificpatriotsnetwork.com.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_20').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_20', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Walden has also said that he is working on legislation that will exempt arsons that occur during farm work from the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996\u2014which, in practice would mean creating an exemption from this egregious legislation only for a group that is largely white and leans strongly to the right.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_21');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_21');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_21\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(21)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_21\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Allison Frost, \u201cWalden Says Harney County Occupation Not Legal, But Echoes Resident\u2019s Frustration,\u201d Oregon Public Broadcasting, January 13, 2016, www.opb.org\/news\/series\/burns-oregon-standoff-bundy-militia-news-updates\/walden-says-occupation-not-legal-but-echoes-frustration.&nbsp;One market-research poll\u2014although of farmer producers with more than 200 acres of farmland\u2014showed that only 18 percent identified as Democrats, or were Democratic leaning. See Agri-Pulse, \u201c2016 Producer Survey Results,\u201d <em>Agri-Pulse<\/em>, January 28, 2016, www.agri-pulse.com\/uploaded\/AgriPulse_Presidential_Survey_Results_1_29_2016.pdf, 11.&nbsp;Another study, based on campaign contributions as reported by the Federal Election Commission (FEC), showed that over three-quarters of those who self-identified as ranchers favored Republicans. See Verdant Labs, \u201cDemocratic vs. Republican occupations,\u201d <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/verdantlabs.com\/politics_of_professions\/index.html,<\/span> see \u201cFarming and Forestry\u201d under the \u201cExpand All\u201d tab. Data is based on FEC filings available at <a href=\"http:\/\/www.fec.gov\/finance\/disclosure\/ftp_download.shtml\">www.fec.gov\/finance\/disclosure\/ftp_download.shtml<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_21').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_21', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Walden played a similar role in 2001 in the Klamath Basin Water Crisis, taking the side of the farmers who damaged federal property and defied federal land use regulations by opening irrigation channels.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_22');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_22');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_22\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(22)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_22\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Most, River of Renewal, xxx\u2013xxxi.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_22').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_22', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script>&nbsp;In May 2016, Walden won his primary by 80 percent.<sup><span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_23');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_23');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_23\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(23)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_23\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cUS Representative, 2nd District,\u201d May 17, 2016, Primary Election Abstract of Votes, 10, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/sos.oregon.gov\/voting\/Documents\/P16Abstract.pdf.<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_23').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_23', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Current County and City Level Officials<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Woven through southern, central, and eastern Oregon are local elected officials who are members or supporters of the Patriot movement.<br>In Josephine County, Grants Pass City Councilor Roy Lindsay is the treasurer of the Josephine County Oath Keepers. Incumbent County Commissioner Keith Heck rode in a Memorial Day weekend Boatnik Parade with the group.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_24');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_24');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_24\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(24)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_24\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Tay Wiles, \u201cSugar Pine Mine, the Other Standoff,\u201d High Country News, February 2, 2016,&nbsp;www.hcn.org\/issues\/48.2\/showdown-at-sugar-pine-mine.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_24').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_24', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script>&nbsp;In the May 2016 primary, Heck came in first with 4,810 votes (19.49 percent)\u2014beating out Hard Right challengers, including Joseph Rice.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_25');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_25');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_25\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(25)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_25\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cStatement of Votes Cast, May 17, 2016 Primary Election, Josephine County, Summary Report,\u201d Josephine County, Oregon, 5, www.co.josephine.or.us\/SIB\/files\/Clerk\/20160517230046.pdf.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_25').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_25', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In Dallas, Polk County, city councilor Micky Garus achieved notoriety after his transphobic and Islamophobic outbursts in November 2015.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_26');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_26');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_26\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(26)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_26\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Laura Gunderson, \u201cDallas City Councilor Micky Garus threatens transgender students,\u201d Oregonian\/OregonLive, November 11, 2015, www.oregonlive.com\/pacific-northwest-news\/index.ssf\/2015\/11\/dallas_city_councilor_micky_ga.html.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_26').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_26', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script>&nbsp;His Facebook account shows that he \u201cLikes\u201d the pages of the Oath Keepers, Bundy Ranch, Three Percenter Nation, and Oregon Firearms Federation.<sup><span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_27');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_27');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_27\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(27)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_27\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cLikes,\u201d Micky Garus\u2019 Facebook page, www.facebook.com\/micky.garus\/likes.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_27').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_27', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mary Starrett, the Chair of the Yamhill County Board of Commissioners, is a fervent supporter of the Patriot movement\u2019s politics. In 2006, as the Constitution Party of Oregon\u2019s candidate for governor she garnered 3.6 percent of the ballots cast\u2014over 50,000 votes.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_28');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_28');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_28\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(28)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_28\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Nicholas Deshais, \u201cHail Mary,\u201d Willamette Week, April 3, 2007,&nbsp;www.wweek.com\/portland\/article-6822-hail_mary.html.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_28').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_28', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script>&nbsp;At a January 2016 board of commissioners\u2019 meeting, she blamed the Bureau of Land Management for LaVoy Finicum\u2019s death.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_29');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_29');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_29\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(29)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_29\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cBoard of Commissioners,\u201d Yamhill County, Oregon, July 15, 2016, www.co.yamhill.or.us\/boc; Nicole Montesano, \u201cCommissioners urged to help calm Malheur tension,\u201d Yamhill Valley News Register, January 28, 2016, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/newsregister.com\/article?articleTitle=commissioners-urged-to-help-calm-malheur-tensio\u2014-145402983\u2014-20827&#8211;.<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_29').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_29', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script>&nbsp;Starrett was slated to appear at the February 2016 anti-SB 941 rally.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Baker County Commission Chair Bill Harvey is one of the most powerful local politicians with Patriot movement-style politics, although he has largely escaped the media glare. He is a proponent of the Hard Right reading of \u201ccoordination,\u201d which asserts that local governments have huge power to help govern federal lands, and has close ties to the local Oath Keepers. Since taking office in January 2015, Harvey and his supporters on the county\u2019s Natural Resources Advisory Committee have created a Natural Resources Plan, a first step in the Patriot movement\u2019s made-up process for invoking their version of coordination with the Forest Service.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_30');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_30');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_30\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(30)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_30\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Joshua Dillen, \u201cCounty, Forest Service discuss coordination,\u201d Baker City Herald, October 2, 2015, www.bakercityherald.com\/Local-News\/County-Forest-Service-discuss-coordination. Letter from Thomas Montoya to Bill Harvey (file code 1950), November 19, 2015; digital copy of letter in author\u2019s possession.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_30').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_30', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Harvey is influenced by the coordination advocate Fred Kelly Grant, who visited Baker County to promote coordination in January 2009, and returned to give a three-day seminar in August 2015, which featured Harvey as \u201cemcee\/moderator.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_31');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_31');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_31\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(31)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_31\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Mike Ferguson, \u201cAttorney urges counties to assert their rights in public land decisions,\u201d Baker City Herald, January 14, 2009, www.bakercityherald.com\/Local-News\/Attorney-urges-counties-to-assert-their-rights-in-public-land-decisions. For the August 2015 seminar, see \u201cCoordination 101,\u201d Forest Access for All, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/forestaccessforall.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/Coordination-flyer.pdf.<\/span> As emcee, see Fred Kelly Grant, \u201cLetters to the Editor,\u201d Baker City Herald, September 2, 2015, www.bakercityherald.com\/Letters\/Letters-to-the-Editor-for-Sept-2-2015.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_31').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_31', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Harvey, a climate change denier, also attended the 2014 American Lands Council conference. In 2015 he, his wife Lorrie, and Ken Ivory (then still head of the American Lands Council) came up with the idea to create a video blaming local wildfires on federal government ownership of land. (The website for the video originally promoted Patriot movement propagandist KrisAnne Hall\u2019s organization and sold a coordination book; today it links to the American Lands Council.)<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_32');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_32');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_32\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(32)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_32\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Jayson Jacoby, \u201cHarvey attends American Lands Council conference,\u201d Baker City Herald, October 15, 2014, www.bakercityherald.com\/Local-News\/Harvey-attends-American-Lands-Council-conference; Gina Perkins, \u201cWildfire Video Takes Some Heat,\u201d Record-Courier (Baker City, OR), March 21, 2016, www.therconline.com\/ &#8211; !Wildfire-Video-Takes-Some-Heat\/cg4a\/56ec33a30cf29acca8a2b2c8; \u201cInformed,\u201d Baker County Wildfire, www.bakercountywildfire.org\/informed.html; Bill Harvey, email to author, August 11, 2016. Harvey\u2019s reactionary views do not end there; on his <em>Facebook<\/em> account, he even shared an anti-immigrant post from the fascist British National Party (BNP). Screenshot of April 8, 2016 post in possession of author.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_32').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_32', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script>&nbsp;In May 2016, he came under fire for refusing to name who was going to donate $1,000 to the county so it could purchase information from the American Stewards of Liberty, which promotes a Hard Right version of coordination.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_33');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_33');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_33\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(33)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_33\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cEditorial: County needs to name donors,\u201d Baker City Herald, May 20, 2016, www.bakercityherald.com\/opinion\/4348404-151\/county-needs-to-name-donors.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_33').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_33', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-image-16113\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"228\" src=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Harvey-_-BNP-300x228-1.png\" alt=\"Baker County Commission Chair Bill Harvey shares a Facebook post from the fascist British National Party (BNP).\" class=\"wp-image-16113\"\/><figcaption>Baker County Commission Chair Bill Harvey shares a Facebook post from the fascist British National Party (BNP).<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Harvey described the Malheur occupation as \u201cill-timed and ill-advised\u201d because it will \u201churt our efforts [as] rural communities trying to take a stand against the federal government.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_34');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_34');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_34\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(34)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_34\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Pat Caldwell, \u201cHarvey, Bentz say Refuge takeover a mistake,\u201d Baker City Herald, January 5, 2016, www.bakercityherald.com\/Local-News\/Harvey-Bentz-say-Refuge-takeover-a-mistake.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_34').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_34', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> Despite his apparent concern that the occupation would reflect poorly on his efforts to transfer federal lands, Harvey spoke at the Rural Lives Matter rally in the town of Halfway on February 6, 2016\u2014which was the first post-occupation attempt to rally mass support for the Patriot movement cause.<span style=\"font-size: 13.3333px;\"><span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_35');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_35');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_35\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(35)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_35\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><\/span>Jayson Jacoby, \u201cMessage Delivered,\u201d Baker City Herald, February 8, 2016,&nbsp;www.bakercityherald.com\/Local-News\/Message-Delivered.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_35').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_35', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script>&nbsp;That same month he traveled to Central Oregon to give the Crook County Natural Resources PAC a seminar on \u201ccoordination,\u201d where he drew the interest of Crook County Commissioner Seth Crawford.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_36');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_36');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_36\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(36)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_36\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Aaron West, \u201cPolitical group turns to obscure clause to protect land,\u201d Bulletin (Bend, OR), March 6, 2016, www.bendbulletin.com\/exports\/newsletters\/main\/4071793-151\/political-group-turns-to-obscure-clause-to-protect; Aaron West, \u201cCrook County residents form a PAC to make a land use plan,\u201d Bulletin (Bend, OR), February 29, 2016, www.bendbulletin.com\/localstate\/4042307-151\/crook-county-residents-form-a-pac-to-make.&nbsp;For Harvey\u2019s Crook coordination seminar, see \u201cCoordination meeting #1,\u201d YouTube video, 57:41, posted by \u201cCrooked River Currents View,\u201d March 4, 2016, www.youtube.com\/watch?v=8iSxfkIalHA; \u201cCoordination meeting #2,\u201d YouTube video, 57:36, posted by \u201cCrooked River Currents View,\u201d March 4, 2016, www.youtube.com\/watch?v=rHpPuPtMaoo; \u201cCoordination meeting #3,\u201d YouTube video, 24:45, posted by \u201cCrooked River Currents View,\u201d March 4, 2016, www.youtube.com\/watch?v=xN39G\u2014-rpc.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_36').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_36', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script>&nbsp;Harvey\u2019s fellow Baker County Commissioner, Mark Bennett, has also gone along with the coordination scheme, and joined him at the Rural Lives Matter rally.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_37');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_37');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_37\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(37)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_37\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Jayson Jacoby, \u201cMessage Delivered, Baker City Herald, February 8, 2016,&nbsp;www.bakercityherald.com\/Local-News\/Message-Delivered.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_37').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_37', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-image-16114\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"750\" src=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Rural-Lives-Matter-rally-flyer-600x750-1.jpg\" alt=\"Memorial rally in Halfway, Oregon for LaVoy Finicum, attended by two Baker County commissioners, the head of the local Oath Keepers, and the current candidate for county sheriff.\" class=\"wp-image-16114\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Rural-Lives-Matter-rally-flyer-600x750-1.jpg 600w, https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Rural-Lives-Matter-rally-flyer-600x750-1-240x300.jpg 240w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption>Memorial rally in Halfway, Oregon for LaVoy Finicum, attended by two Baker County commissioners, the head of the local Oath Keepers, and the current candidate for county sheriff.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Current Crook Commissioner Seth Crawford has also endorsed the coordination. He &nbsp;apparently believes that coordination means that federal \u201cagencies would be forced to follow our plan.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_38');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_38');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_38\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(38)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_38\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Minutes of Crook County, Regular Session, \u201cDiscussion of Natural Resource Planning,\u201d Crook County, Oregon, February 3, 2016, 8, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/co.crook.or.us\/Portals\/0\/minutes<\/span> February 3 2016.pdf.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_38').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_38', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> Crawford came in second in the May 2016 primary with 2,852 votes (37.9 percent) for county judge, and so will be up for election in November; he beat out Central Oregon Patriots member Craig Brookhart, who came in third.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_39');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_39');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_39\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(39)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_39\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cCounty Judge\u201d in \u201cCrook County, Oregon, Primary Election, May 17, 2016,\u201d Crook County Oregon, June 2, 2016, 7, www.co.crook.or.us\/Portals\/0\/Clerk\/2016 Primary Results Final.pdf.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_39').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_39', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">May 2016 Primary<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Many Patriot movement activists ran in the May 2016 Republican primary, often seeking county commission seats. Many of these candidacies were profiled in the Political Research Associates and Rural Organizing Project article, \u201cGunning for Office: Oregon\u2019s Patriot Movement and the May 2016 Primary.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_40');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_40');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_40\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(40)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_40\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Spencer Sunshine, \u201cGunning for Office: Oregon\u2019s Patriot Movement and the May 2016 Primary,\u201d Political Research Associates, April 19, 2016, www.politicalresearch.org\/2016\/04\/19\/gunning-for-office-oregons-patriot-movement-and-the-may-2016-primary.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_40').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_40', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Two non-incumbents won their primaries. Salem tech consultant Mark Callahan\u2014who made a show of visiting the memorial where Finicum died, and called him a \u201cgreat patriot\u201d\u2014won the Republican primary for U.S. Senate, and is running against Democratic incumbent Jeff Merkley. Patriot movement supporter Dennis Linthicum was unchallenged in the District 28 Republican state senate primary.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_41');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_41');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_41\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(41)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_41\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">For Callahan\u2019s visit, see Mark Callahan, Twitter post, April 18, 2016, 2:02 p.m.,&nbsp;<span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/twitter.com\/markcallahan32\/status\/722123046815801345.<\/span> For Callahan\u2019s primary results, see \u201cUS Senator, Republican,\u201d May 17, 2016, Primary Election Abstract of Votes, 6 <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/sos.oregon.gov\/voting\/Documents\/P16Abstract.pdf;<\/span> for Linthicum, see \u201cState Senator, 28th District, Republican,\u201d May 17, 2016, Primary Election Abstract of Votes, 36, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/sos.oregon.gov\/voting\/Documents\/P16Abstract.pdf.<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_41').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_41', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Also running in the November 2016 general election are CSPOA member John Hoopes for Baker County sheriff, and Patriot movement activist Mandi Jacobs for Sutherlin city council in Douglas County.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_42');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_42');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_42\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(42)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_42\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cMandi Jacobs,\u201d Fundly, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/fundly.com\/mandi-jacobs-for-city-council.<\/span> For Hoopes\u2019s CSPOA membership, see comment from February 20, 2016 at 5:13pm on his February 19, 2016 post on John \u201cHoopes 4 Sheriff\u2019,\u201d Facebook page, www.facebook.com\/permalink.php?story_fbid=1712394729036537&amp;id=1708084419467568.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_42').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_42', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><br>Most non-incumbents aligned with the Patriot movement lost the primary:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-image-16115\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"214\" src=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/AFN-BRUCE-CUFF-300x214-1.jpg\" alt=\"Signs promote Patriot movement May 2016 republican primary candidate Bruce Cuff at a rally in Portland. (Photo courtesy of Daniel Vincent)\" class=\"wp-image-16115\"\/><figcaption>Signs promote Patriot movement May 2016 republican primary candidate Bruce Cuff at a rally in Portland. (Photo courtesy of Daniel Vincent)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Bruce Cuff for governor and Jo Rae Perkins, for U.S. Representative. Both have aligned themselves closely to the Patriot movement, spoke to their groups, and participated in the movement\u2019s social media.<\/li><li>In Harney County, Charmaign \u201cSis\u201d Edwards and Anna Jo Surber ran for county commission and judge; both were supportive of the Malheur occupation and held Patriot movement views. Three in the commissioner and judge races said they had attended Committee of Safety meetings, including Surber and Rob Frank.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_43');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_43');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_43\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(43)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_43\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">HC Pols, \u201cCommissioner\/Judge Question #3,\u201d \u201cHarney&nbsp;County&nbsp;Politicians&nbsp;Q&amp;A\u201d Facebook group, April 27, 2016, www.facebook.com\/groups\/511827449004208\/permalink\/511851465668473.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_43').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_43', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/li><li>The head of the Josephine County Oath Keepers, Joseph Rice, was one of many Hard Right candidates who ran for county commission.<\/li><li>Three people affiliated with the Central Oregon Patriots ran for the Crook County commission or judge office.<\/li><li>Hardline Patriot movement activist J.d. Parks sought a commissioner seat in Douglas County.<\/li><li>In Baker County, Kody Justus, head of his county Oath Keepers chapter, ran for county commission.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Most received less than 20 percent of the primary vote. There were a few exceptions: for example. Justus received 46 percent and Perkins received 32 percent.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_44');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_44');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_44\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(44)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_44\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">For all candidates, see Spencer Sunshine, \u201cGunning for Office: Oregon\u2019s Patriot Movement and the May 2016 Primary,\u201d Political Research Associates, April 19, 2016, www.politicalresearch.org\/2016\/04\/19\/gunning-for-office-oregons-patriot-movement-and-the-may-2016-primary. For Justus, see \u201cSummary Report: Baker County, Oregon, Primary Election, May 17, 2016,\u201d Baker County Oregon, www.bakercounty.org\/elections\/current\/20160517.html; for Perkins, see \u201cUS Representative, 4th District, Republican,\u201d May 17, 2016, Primary Election Abstract of Votes, 12, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/sos.oregon.gov\/voting\/Documents\/P16Abstract.pdf.<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_44').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_44', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A recall attempt against an opponent of the Patriot movement was also overwhelmingly defeated. Harney County Judge Steve Grasty, an outspoken opponent of the Malheur occupation, won against a recall vote by 70 percent in June 2016. The recall was launched by Patriot movement sympathizers who were angered that the Grasty did not allow the Malheur occupiers to use county buildings in Burns to hold a public meeting during the occupation.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_45');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_45');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_45\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(45)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_45\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Jim Ryan, \u201cRecall election to be held against Harney County Judge Steve Grasty: \u2018I ask that you stand with me\u2019,\u201d Oregon Live\/Oregonian, May 24, 2016,&nbsp;www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/05\/recall_election_to_be_held_aga.html; Les Zaitz, \u201cHarney County voters solidly reject effort to oust county judge who opposed Ammon Bundy,\u201d Oregon Live\/Oregonian, June 28 (updated June 29), 2016, www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/06\/post_12.html\u2014- incart_2box.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_45').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_45', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Now let\u2019s take a closer look at what is happening in six key counties.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Right Woos Left<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sometimes Patriot movement groups reach out to progressive activists in an attempt to recruit them to their cause. As you would expect, they typically downplay their reactionary social views and stress the more libertarian parts of their ideology. This is what Political Research Associates calls the \u201csucker punch.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_46');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_46');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_46\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(46)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_46\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cThe Sucker Punch of Right\/Left Coalitions,\u201d Political Research Associates, www.publiceye.org\/sucker_punch. See also Chip Berlet, Right Woos Left: Populist Party, LaRouchite, and Other Neo-fascist Overtures To Progressives, And Why They Must Be Rejected, Political Research Associates, originally February 27, 1999, www.politicalresearch.org\/1999\/02\/27\/right-woos-left.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_46').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_46', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script>Various right-wing populists reach out to progressives with rhetoric that seems to match their beliefs. But once they are drawn in, the real agenda of the Patriot movement comes into play: dismantling progressive social gains and reestablishing conservative racial, gender, and sexual hierarchies\u2014as well creating unrestrained capitalism and greenlighting the destruction of the environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Oath Keepers have been particularly keen on reaching out to progressives. They went to several Occupy Wall Street events, including in Oregon.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_47');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_47');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_47\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(47)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_47\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Spencer Sunshine, \u201c20 on the Right in Occupy,\u201d Political Research Associates, February 13, 2014, www.politicalresearch.org\/2014\/02\/13\/20-on-the-right-in-occupy; witness testimony, as told to author, July 13, 2016.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_47').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_47', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script>&nbsp;In the state, the Oath Keepers worked hand-in-glove with the group PANDA (People Against the National Defense Authorization Act)\u2014who were able in turn to work with Occupy Wall Street, and other progressive groups. Many progressives were disturbed by the National Defense Authorization Act, originally passed in 2011; according to the American Civil Liberties Union, it \u201ccontains a sweeping worldwide indefinite detention provision.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_48');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_48');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_48\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(48)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_48\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cPresident Obama Signs Indefinite Detention Bill Into Law\u201d (press release), American Civil Liberties Union, December 31, 2011, www.aclu.org\/news\/president-obama-signs-indefinite-detention-bill-law.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_48').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_48', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PANDA received support from some progressives during their successful campaign to get several Oregon counties to pass resolutions against National Defense Authorization Act; according to the Oath Keepers, these included Lane, Klamath, Josephine, Douglas, and Coos counties.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_49');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_49');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_49\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(49)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_49\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Elias Alias, \u201cOregon Oath Keepers Slam NDAA In Five Counties!,\u201d Oath Keepers, August 14, 2014, www.oathkeepers.org\/oregon-oath-keepers-slam-ndaa-in-five-counties.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_49').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_49', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script>&nbsp;Yet in the familiar bait-and-switch, after Patriot activists established armed encampments at the Sugar Pine Mine at the invitation of its owners, one PANDA leader denounced the Rural Organizing Project and defended both the Patriot movement in general and militia organizing specifically.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Patriot movement\u2019s interests overlap with a few other issues usually associated with progressives.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>They oppose intrusive government surveillance; the Oath Keepers have even praised Edward Snowden.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_50');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_50');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_50\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(50)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_50\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Mike Riggs, \u201cOath Keepers Group Places Massive Pro-Snowden Ad Inside Pentagon Metro Station,\u201d Reason, July 24, 2013, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/reason.com\/blog\/2013\/07\/24\/oath-keepers-place-massive-pro-snowden-a.<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_50').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_50', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/li><li>The Patriot movement often supports alternative energy sources and energy independence\u2014positions which are consistent with its xenophobic nationalism.<\/li><li>It is also opposed to eminent domain, used by the energy companies while building the fracking pipelines, as a violation of private property rights.<\/li><li>Other popular sites of crossover include opposition to the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) and GMOs (genetically modified organisms).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-image-16116\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"669\" height=\"868\" src=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/monsanto.jpg\" alt=\"There are a number of issues which interest both progressives and Hard Right activists, including opposition to Monsanto.\" class=\"wp-image-16116\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/monsanto.jpg 669w, https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/monsanto-231x300.jpg 231w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 669px) 100vw, 669px\" \/><figcaption>There are a number of issues which interest both progressives and Hard Right activists, including opposition to Monsanto.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-image-16117\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"493\" height=\"691\" src=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Auer-_-GMO-e1475158595468.png\" alt=\"Aaron Auer, gubernatorial candidate of the theocratic Constitution Party of Oregon, opposes GMOs.\" class=\"wp-image-16117\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Auer-_-GMO-e1475158595468.png 493w, https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Auer-_-GMO-e1475158595468-214x300.png 214w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 493px) 100vw, 493px\" \/><figcaption>Aaron Auer, gubernatorial candidate of the theocratic Constitution Party of Oregon, opposes GMOs.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">There is widespread anti-vaccine sentiment in the Patriot movement. There is also a strong emphasis on the home canning, rainwater collection, and other subsistence activities. On the Right, this is part of the survivalist\/prepper movement, and on the Left, crosses over with the interests in D.I.Y. (do-it-yourself) culture and radical environmentalism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Patriot movement has spoken out of both sides of its mouth about Ferguson and Black Lives Matter. (See box on p. 41.) You hear some argue the conspiracy that Obama is stirring up racial tensions so martial law can be declared, or ludicrously claim that Black Lives Matter protestors are treated with leniency compared to the Malheur occupiers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image wp-image-16118\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/spencer-Brandon-Dowd.jpg\" alt=\"Malheur occupier Brandon Dowd encouraged Black Lives Matter activists to come to Malheur and learn the crank legal theories being taught there. (Photograph courtesy of Spencer Sunshine)\" class=\"wp-image-16118\" width=\"288\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/spencer-Brandon-Dowd.jpg 576w, https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/spencer-Brandon-Dowd-144x300.jpg 144w, https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/spencer-Brandon-Dowd-492x1024.jpg 492w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 288px) 100vw, 288px\" \/><figcaption>Malheur occupier Brandon Dowd encouraged Black Lives Matter activists to come to Malheur and learn the crank legal theories being taught there. (Photograph courtesy of Spencer Sunshine)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On the other hand, a Black member of the Malheur occupation, Brandon Dowd, hoped to recruit Black Lives Matter activists. \u201cI would encourage more Black people to come here to get educated,\u201d he said. \u201cThey could learn a lot being here and talking to these constitutional lawyers.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_51');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_51');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_51\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(51)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_51\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Sam Levin, \u201cBlack Oregon militiaman: Black Lives Matter can learn from occupiers,\u201d Guardian, January 17, 2016, www.theguardian.com\/us-news\/2016\/jan\/17\/oregon-militia-black-lives-matters-activist-us-constitution.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_51').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_51', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> One speaker at a Portland rally for the Malheur arrestees called on Black Lives Matters protestors to join them.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_52');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_52');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_52\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(52)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_52\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Amelia Templeton, \u201cOccupation Supporters Try To Sway Broader Audience In Portland,\u201d Oregon Public Broadcasting, March 5, 2016, www.opb.org\/news\/series\/burns-oregon-standoff-bundy-militia-news-updates\/portland-oregon-standoff-protest-rally-lavoy-finicum.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_52').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_52', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> And at the Cave Junction community watch meeting Sovereign Citizen-style fake courts were promoted as, \u201cA people\u2019s answer to Ferguson.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_53');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_53');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_53\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(53)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_53\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cCommunity Meeting,\u201d Facebook event for December 15, 2014, www.facebook.com\/events\/332140650303625.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_53').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_53', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> (See Josephine County section.) The person heading up the fake courts seems to be quite socially liberal in his views\u2014as are a number of Sovereign Citizens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">And despite its origins in open White supremacy, today the Sovereign Citizen movement has a large number of Black members, as well as an increasing number of Latinos and even Native Americans. Gavin Long, the veteran who shot six Baton Rouge police officers in July 2016, killing three of them, embraced membership in the group Empire Washita de Dugdahmoundyah, which is influenced by Sovereign Citizen ideas. According to JJ MacNab, an expert on Sovereign Citizens, this ideology is most common among African-Americans in east coast cities such as Philadelphia and Washington, DC, and in the South\u2014particularly Florida, Tennessee, and around New Orleans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lastly, one Marxist group rallied to the Malheur occupiers\u2019 side during the Malheur occupation. The Socialist Workers Party, a Trotskyist sect, has called to: \u201cFree Dwight and Steven Hammond! No to another Waco! Drop the charges against Ammon Bundy and others who occupied the Malheur reserve!\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_54');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15852_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_54');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_54\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(54)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_54\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Brandon Ellington Patterson, \u201cBaton Rouge Cop Killer Was a \u2018Sovereign Citizen.\u2019 What the Heck Is That?,\u201d Mother Jones, July 20, 2016, www.motherjones.com\/politics\/2016\/07\/gavin-long-sovereign-citizen-posse-comitatus-patriot-militias; \u201cOppose FBI raid, killing in Oregon!,\u201d Militant 80, no. 5 (February 8, 2016), <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/themilitant.com\/2016\/8005\/800520.html.<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_54').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15852_1_54', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/p>\n<div class=\"speaker-mute footnotes_reference_container\"> <div class=\"footnote_container_prepare\"><p><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_label pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_15852_1();\">References<\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button\" style=\"\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_15852_1();\">[<a id=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_15852_1\">+<\/a>]<\/span><\/p><\/div> <div id=\"footnote_references_container_15852_1\" style=\"display: none;\"><table class=\"footnotes_table footnote-reference-container\"><caption class=\"accessibility\">References<\/caption> <tbody> \r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_1');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_1\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>1<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Stern, A Force Upon the Plain, 212\u201317.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_2');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_2\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>2<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Taylor is listed on the \u201cExecutive Committee\u201d of the Oregon Republican Party, www.oregonrepublicanparty.org\/executives, and well as the county GOP chair; see \u201cCrook County,\u201d Oregon Republican Party, www.oregonrepublicanparty.org\/CrookCounty. However, he says he is no longer the county GOP chair, and that he submitted his resignation for the state positions in July 2016; email to author, August 8, 2016.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_3');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_3\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>3<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Heyen is active in Patriot movement social media, where he promotes involvement with the state\u2019s Republican Party. Screenshots in possession of author.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_4');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_4\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>4<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">John Parker Jr. and David Samuel Hill, Facebook posts, 2016. Screenshots in possession of author. For Heyen, see \u201cCounty Officers and Delegates Officers,\u201d Marion County Republicans, www.marioncountygop.org\/county_officers_and_delegates; for Olsen, see \u201cColby Olsen,\u201d LinkedIn page, www.linkedin.com\/in\/colby-olsen-5b781689; for Rice, see \u201cPrecinct Committee Person\u2014Male Republican\u201421 Cloverlawn (REP) (Vote for 6)\u201d in \u201cStatement of Votes Cast, May 17, 2016 Primary Election, Josephine County, Summary Report,\u201d Josephine County, Oregon, 18, www.co.josephine.or.us\/SIB\/files\/Clerk\/Web Results.pdf.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_5');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_5\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>5<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cOregon Republican Party Delegate Selection Convention OFFICIAL RESULTS of the elections for National Convention Delegate-Elector-Congressional District Officer Elections as of June 20th, 2016,\u201d <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/oregon.gop\/2016-official-results-national-convention-delegate-elector-cd-officer.<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_6');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_6\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>6<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cOregon Republican Party 2015 Platform, as amended October 24th 2015,\u201d Oregon Republican Party, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/oregon.gop\/sites\/default\/files\/pdfs\/ORP_2015_Platform_as_AMENDED_2015-10-24.pdf;<\/span> see sections 5.1 and 7.6.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_7');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_7\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>7<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cRepublican Platform 2016,\u201d Republican National Committee, 51, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/prod-static-ngop-pbl.s3.amazonaws.com\/media\/documents\/DRAFT_12_FINAL%5B1%5D-ben_1468872234.pdf.<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_8');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_8\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>8<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">The Facebook account of the Oath Keepers of Oregon posted, \u201cEvery Politician should be supporting the miner\u2019s rights or else they are violating their oath. At least Oregon state Rep. Carl Wilson Supports Miners\u2019 Access To Due Process,\u201d May 15, 2015, www.facebook.com\/OathKeepersofOregon\/posts\/686948074750130; the Josephine County Oath Keepers posted Representative Wilson\u2019s press release on their site. \u201cRep. Carl Wilson Supports Miners\u2019 Access To Due Process,\u201d Oath Keepers of Josephine County, April 28, 2015, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/oathkeepersjoco.com\/downloads\/Rep-Carl-Wilson-Supports-Miners-Access-To-Due-Process.pdf.<\/span> Now offline.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_9');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_9\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>9<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cSenate Joint Memorial 7,\u201d 78th Oregon Legislative Assembly\u20142015 Regular Session, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/olis.leg.state.or.us\/liz\/2015R1\/Measures\/Overview\/SJM7;<\/span> \u201cSenate Joint Memorial 7,\u201d OregonLive\/Oregonian, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/gov.oregonlive.com\/bill\/2015\/SJM7.<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_10');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_10\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>10<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201c2015 Regular Session: HB 3240,\u201d Oregon State Legislature, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/olis.leg.state.or.us\/liz\/2015R1\/Measures\/Overview\/HB3240<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_11');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_11\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>11<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Jason Wilson, \u201cThe rise of militias: Patriot candidates are now getting elected in Oregon,\u201d Guardian, May 10, 2016, www.theguardian.com\/us-news\/2016\/may\/10\/patriot-movement-oregon-militias-donald-trump-election-2016.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_12');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_12\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>12<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cState Representative, 3rd District,\u201d May 17, 2016, Primary Election Abstract of Votes,&nbsp;42, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/sos.oregon.gov\/voting\/Documents\/P16Abstract.pdf.<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_13');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_13\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>13<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">John Sepulvado, \u201cOregon Lawmaker Says Roseburg Shooting Prompted \u2018Fact-Finding\u2019 Visit To Armed Occupation,\u201d Oregon Public Broadcasting, March 20, 2016, www.opb.org\/news\/series\/burns-oregon-standoff-bundy-militia-news-updates\/roseburg-shooting-republican-politician-dallas-heard-occupation-visit.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_14');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_14\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>14<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cState Representative, 2nd District,\u201d May 17, 2016, Primary Election Abstract of Votes, 41, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/sos.oregon.gov\/voting\/Documents\/P16Abstract.pdf.<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_15');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_15\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>15<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cPatrick Henry Rally,\u201d Facebook event for February 9, 2015, post by Brandi Hawkins on February 3, 2015, www.facebook.com\/events\/882773421735610\/permalink\/932186430127642.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_16');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_16\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>16<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Taylor W. Anderson, \u201cGun Backers Make It To Salem\u2014Before Gun Control Bills Do,\u201d Bulletin (Bend, OR), February 10, 2016, www.bendbulletin.com\/newsroomstafflist\/2867910-151\/gun-backers-make-it-to-salem-before; \u201cSpeaker list for We Will Not Comply Rally,\u201d Sipsey Street Irregulars, May 27, 2015, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/sipseystreetirregulars.blogspot.com\/2015\/05\/speakers-list-schedule-for-salem-event.html.<\/span> A video of the entire rally is available here: \u201cWe Will Not Comply Rally\u2014Salem, Oregon\u2014May 30, 2015,\u201d YouTube video, 1:10:53, posted by \u201cDevin Burghart,\u201d July 3, 2015, www.youtube.com\/watch?v=sDD7GZJLSkE. Separate videos are also available: \u201cSenator Kim Thatcher\u2014\u2018I will not comply!\u2019\u2014SB 941 Protests,\u201d YouTube video, 12:58, posted by \u201cS. Thomas Lewis,\u201d May 31, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=3oe3co_tHfU\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=3oe3co_tHfU<\/a>; \u201cBill Post\u2014\u2018I will not comply\u2019 SB 941,\u201d 7:57, posted by \u201cS. Thomas Lewis,\u201d May 31, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Ycbey1VMyCQ\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Ycbey1vMyCQ<\/a>; \u201cMike Nearman\u2014\u2018I will not comply\u2019\u2014SB 941,\u201d 2:31, posted by \u201cS. Thomas Lewis,\u201d May 31, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ystyU-kv5J4\">www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ystyU-kv5J4<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_17');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_17\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>17<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">For Vanderboegh, see \u201cWe Will Not Comply Rally\u2014Salem, Oregon\u2014May 30, 2015,\u201d 1:10:53, posted by \u201cDevin Burghart,\u201d July 3, 2015, www.youtube.com\/watch?v=sDD7GZJLSkE. His call for \u201ccivil war\u201d is around 57:15, and comments on Governor Brown around 1:04:40.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_18');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_18\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>18<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cState Representative, 23rd District,\u201d May 17, 2016, Primary Election Abstract of Votes, 55, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/sos.oregon.gov\/voting\/Documents\/P16Abstract.pdf.<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_19');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_19\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>19<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">A transcript of Walden\u2019s speech is in Les Zaitz, \u201cOregon militants: Walden takes BLM to woodshed\u2014transcript,\u201d January 6 (updated February 22), 2016, Oregonian\/OregonLive, www.oregonlive.com\/pacific-northwest-news\/index.ssf\/2016\/01\/post_227.html.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_20');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_20\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>20<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Elias Alias, \u201cRep. Greg Walden addresses U.S. House on situation in Oregon and the West,\u201d Oath Keepers, January 8, 2016, www.oathkeepers.org\/rep-greg-walden-addresses-u-s-house-on-situation-in-oregon-and-the-west; \u201cVideo,\u201d Pacific Patriots Network, January 5, 2016, www.pacificpatriotsnetwork.com.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_21');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_21\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>21<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Allison Frost, \u201cWalden Says Harney County Occupation Not Legal, But Echoes Resident\u2019s Frustration,\u201d Oregon Public Broadcasting, January 13, 2016, www.opb.org\/news\/series\/burns-oregon-standoff-bundy-militia-news-updates\/walden-says-occupation-not-legal-but-echoes-frustration.&nbsp;One market-research poll\u2014although of farmer producers with more than 200 acres of farmland\u2014showed that only 18 percent identified as Democrats, or were Democratic leaning. See Agri-Pulse, \u201c2016 Producer Survey Results,\u201d <em>Agri-Pulse<\/em>, January 28, 2016, www.agri-pulse.com\/uploaded\/AgriPulse_Presidential_Survey_Results_1_29_2016.pdf, 11.&nbsp;Another study, based on campaign contributions as reported by the Federal Election Commission (FEC), showed that over three-quarters of those who self-identified as ranchers favored Republicans. See Verdant Labs, \u201cDemocratic vs. Republican occupations,\u201d <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/verdantlabs.com\/politics_of_professions\/index.html,<\/span> see \u201cFarming and Forestry\u201d under the \u201cExpand All\u201d tab. Data is based on FEC filings available at <a href=\"http:\/\/www.fec.gov\/finance\/disclosure\/ftp_download.shtml\">www.fec.gov\/finance\/disclosure\/ftp_download.shtml<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_22');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_22\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>22<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Most, River of Renewal, xxx\u2013xxxi.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_23');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_23\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>23<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cUS Representative, 2nd District,\u201d May 17, 2016, Primary Election Abstract of Votes, 10, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/sos.oregon.gov\/voting\/Documents\/P16Abstract.pdf.<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_24');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_24\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>24<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Tay Wiles, \u201cSugar Pine Mine, the Other Standoff,\u201d High Country News, February 2, 2016,&nbsp;www.hcn.org\/issues\/48.2\/showdown-at-sugar-pine-mine.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_25');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_25\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>25<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cStatement of Votes Cast, May 17, 2016 Primary Election, Josephine County, Summary Report,\u201d Josephine County, Oregon, 5, www.co.josephine.or.us\/SIB\/files\/Clerk\/20160517230046.pdf.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_26');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_26\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>26<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Laura Gunderson, \u201cDallas City Councilor Micky Garus threatens transgender students,\u201d Oregonian\/OregonLive, November 11, 2015, www.oregonlive.com\/pacific-northwest-news\/index.ssf\/2015\/11\/dallas_city_councilor_micky_ga.html.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_27');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_27\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>27<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cLikes,\u201d Micky Garus\u2019 Facebook page, www.facebook.com\/micky.garus\/likes.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_28');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_28\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>28<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Nicholas Deshais, \u201cHail Mary,\u201d Willamette Week, April 3, 2007,&nbsp;www.wweek.com\/portland\/article-6822-hail_mary.html.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_29');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_29\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>29<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cBoard of Commissioners,\u201d Yamhill County, Oregon, July 15, 2016, www.co.yamhill.or.us\/boc; Nicole Montesano, \u201cCommissioners urged to help calm Malheur tension,\u201d Yamhill Valley News Register, January 28, 2016, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/newsregister.com\/article?articleTitle=commissioners-urged-to-help-calm-malheur-tensio\u2014-145402983\u2014-20827&#8211;.<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_30');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_30\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>30<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Joshua Dillen, \u201cCounty, Forest Service discuss coordination,\u201d Baker City Herald, October 2, 2015, www.bakercityherald.com\/Local-News\/County-Forest-Service-discuss-coordination. Letter from Thomas Montoya to Bill Harvey (file code 1950), November 19, 2015; digital copy of letter in author\u2019s possession.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_31');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_31\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>31<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Mike Ferguson, \u201cAttorney urges counties to assert their rights in public land decisions,\u201d Baker City Herald, January 14, 2009, www.bakercityherald.com\/Local-News\/Attorney-urges-counties-to-assert-their-rights-in-public-land-decisions. For the August 2015 seminar, see \u201cCoordination 101,\u201d Forest Access for All, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/forestaccessforall.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/Coordination-flyer.pdf.<\/span> As emcee, see Fred Kelly Grant, \u201cLetters to the Editor,\u201d Baker City Herald, September 2, 2015, www.bakercityherald.com\/Letters\/Letters-to-the-Editor-for-Sept-2-2015.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_32');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_32\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>32<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Jayson Jacoby, \u201cHarvey attends American Lands Council conference,\u201d Baker City Herald, October 15, 2014, www.bakercityherald.com\/Local-News\/Harvey-attends-American-Lands-Council-conference; Gina Perkins, \u201cWildfire Video Takes Some Heat,\u201d Record-Courier (Baker City, OR), March 21, 2016, www.therconline.com\/ &#8211; !Wildfire-Video-Takes-Some-Heat\/cg4a\/56ec33a30cf29acca8a2b2c8; \u201cInformed,\u201d Baker County Wildfire, www.bakercountywildfire.org\/informed.html; Bill Harvey, email to author, August 11, 2016. Harvey\u2019s reactionary views do not end there; on his <em>Facebook<\/em> account, he even shared an anti-immigrant post from the fascist British National Party (BNP). Screenshot of April 8, 2016 post in possession of author.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_33');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_33\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>33<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cEditorial: County needs to name donors,\u201d Baker City Herald, May 20, 2016, www.bakercityherald.com\/opinion\/4348404-151\/county-needs-to-name-donors.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_34');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_34\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>34<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Pat Caldwell, \u201cHarvey, Bentz say Refuge takeover a mistake,\u201d Baker City Herald, January 5, 2016, www.bakercityherald.com\/Local-News\/Harvey-Bentz-say-Refuge-takeover-a-mistake.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_35');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_35\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>35<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><\/span>Jayson Jacoby, \u201cMessage Delivered,\u201d Baker City Herald, February 8, 2016,&nbsp;www.bakercityherald.com\/Local-News\/Message-Delivered.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_36');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_36\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>36<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Aaron West, \u201cPolitical group turns to obscure clause to protect land,\u201d Bulletin (Bend, OR), March 6, 2016, www.bendbulletin.com\/exports\/newsletters\/main\/4071793-151\/political-group-turns-to-obscure-clause-to-protect; Aaron West, \u201cCrook County residents form a PAC to make a land use plan,\u201d Bulletin (Bend, OR), February 29, 2016, www.bendbulletin.com\/localstate\/4042307-151\/crook-county-residents-form-a-pac-to-make.&nbsp;For Harvey\u2019s Crook coordination seminar, see \u201cCoordination meeting #1,\u201d YouTube video, 57:41, posted by \u201cCrooked River Currents View,\u201d March 4, 2016, www.youtube.com\/watch?v=8iSxfkIalHA; \u201cCoordination meeting #2,\u201d YouTube video, 57:36, posted by \u201cCrooked River Currents View,\u201d March 4, 2016, www.youtube.com\/watch?v=rHpPuPtMaoo; \u201cCoordination meeting #3,\u201d YouTube video, 24:45, posted by \u201cCrooked River Currents View,\u201d March 4, 2016, www.youtube.com\/watch?v=xN39G\u2014-rpc.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_37');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_37\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>37<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Jayson Jacoby, \u201cMessage Delivered, Baker City Herald, February 8, 2016,&nbsp;www.bakercityherald.com\/Local-News\/Message-Delivered.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_38');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_38\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>38<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Minutes of Crook County, Regular Session, \u201cDiscussion of Natural Resource Planning,\u201d Crook County, Oregon, February 3, 2016, 8, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/co.crook.or.us\/Portals\/0\/minutes<\/span> February 3 2016.pdf.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_39');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_39\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>39<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cCounty Judge\u201d in \u201cCrook County, Oregon, Primary Election, May 17, 2016,\u201d Crook County Oregon, June 2, 2016, 7, www.co.crook.or.us\/Portals\/0\/Clerk\/2016 Primary Results Final.pdf.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_40');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_40\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>40<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Spencer Sunshine, \u201cGunning for Office: Oregon\u2019s Patriot Movement and the May 2016 Primary,\u201d Political Research Associates, April 19, 2016, www.politicalresearch.org\/2016\/04\/19\/gunning-for-office-oregons-patriot-movement-and-the-may-2016-primary.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_41');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_41\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>41<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">For Callahan\u2019s visit, see Mark Callahan, Twitter post, April 18, 2016, 2:02 p.m.,&nbsp;<span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/twitter.com\/markcallahan32\/status\/722123046815801345.<\/span> For Callahan\u2019s primary results, see \u201cUS Senator, Republican,\u201d May 17, 2016, Primary Election Abstract of Votes, 6 <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/sos.oregon.gov\/voting\/Documents\/P16Abstract.pdf;<\/span> for Linthicum, see \u201cState Senator, 28th District, Republican,\u201d May 17, 2016, Primary Election Abstract of Votes, 36, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/sos.oregon.gov\/voting\/Documents\/P16Abstract.pdf.<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_42');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_42\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>42<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cMandi Jacobs,\u201d Fundly, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/fundly.com\/mandi-jacobs-for-city-council.<\/span> For Hoopes\u2019s CSPOA membership, see comment from February 20, 2016 at 5:13pm on his February 19, 2016 post on John \u201cHoopes 4 Sheriff\u2019,\u201d Facebook page, www.facebook.com\/permalink.php?story_fbid=1712394729036537&amp;id=1708084419467568.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_43');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_43\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>43<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">HC Pols, \u201cCommissioner\/Judge Question #3,\u201d \u201cHarney&nbsp;County&nbsp;Politicians&nbsp;Q&amp;A\u201d Facebook group, April 27, 2016, www.facebook.com\/groups\/511827449004208\/permalink\/511851465668473.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_44');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_44\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>44<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">For all candidates, see Spencer Sunshine, \u201cGunning for Office: Oregon\u2019s Patriot Movement and the May 2016 Primary,\u201d Political Research Associates, April 19, 2016, www.politicalresearch.org\/2016\/04\/19\/gunning-for-office-oregons-patriot-movement-and-the-may-2016-primary. For Justus, see \u201cSummary Report: Baker County, Oregon, Primary Election, May 17, 2016,\u201d Baker County Oregon, www.bakercounty.org\/elections\/current\/20160517.html; for Perkins, see \u201cUS Representative, 4th District, Republican,\u201d May 17, 2016, Primary Election Abstract of Votes, 12, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/sos.oregon.gov\/voting\/Documents\/P16Abstract.pdf.<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_45');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_45\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>45<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Jim Ryan, \u201cRecall election to be held against Harney County Judge Steve Grasty: \u2018I ask that you stand with me\u2019,\u201d Oregon Live\/Oregonian, May 24, 2016,&nbsp;www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/05\/recall_election_to_be_held_aga.html; Les Zaitz, \u201cHarney County voters solidly reject effort to oust county judge who opposed Ammon Bundy,\u201d Oregon Live\/Oregonian, June 28 (updated June 29), 2016, www.oregonlive.com\/oregon-standoff\/2016\/06\/post_12.html\u2014- incart_2box.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_46');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_46\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>46<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cThe Sucker Punch of Right\/Left Coalitions,\u201d Political Research Associates, www.publiceye.org\/sucker_punch. See also Chip Berlet, Right Woos Left: Populist Party, LaRouchite, and Other Neo-fascist Overtures To Progressives, And Why They Must Be Rejected, Political Research Associates, originally February 27, 1999, www.politicalresearch.org\/1999\/02\/27\/right-woos-left.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_47');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_47\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>47<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Spencer Sunshine, \u201c20 on the Right in Occupy,\u201d Political Research Associates, February 13, 2014, www.politicalresearch.org\/2014\/02\/13\/20-on-the-right-in-occupy; witness testimony, as told to author, July 13, 2016.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_48');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_48\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>48<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cPresident Obama Signs Indefinite Detention Bill Into Law\u201d (press release), American Civil Liberties Union, December 31, 2011, www.aclu.org\/news\/president-obama-signs-indefinite-detention-bill-law.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_49');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_49\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>49<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Elias Alias, \u201cOregon Oath Keepers Slam NDAA In Five Counties!,\u201d Oath Keepers, August 14, 2014, www.oathkeepers.org\/oregon-oath-keepers-slam-ndaa-in-five-counties.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_50');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_50\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>50<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Mike Riggs, \u201cOath Keepers Group Places Massive Pro-Snowden Ad Inside Pentagon Metro Station,\u201d Reason, July 24, 2013, <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/reason.com\/blog\/2013\/07\/24\/oath-keepers-place-massive-pro-snowden-a.<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_51');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_51\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>51<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Sam Levin, \u201cBlack Oregon militiaman: Black Lives Matter can learn from occupiers,\u201d Guardian, January 17, 2016, www.theguardian.com\/us-news\/2016\/jan\/17\/oregon-militia-black-lives-matters-activist-us-constitution.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_52');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_52\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>52<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Amelia Templeton, \u201cOccupation Supporters Try To Sway Broader Audience In Portland,\u201d Oregon Public Broadcasting, March 5, 2016, www.opb.org\/news\/series\/burns-oregon-standoff-bundy-militia-news-updates\/portland-oregon-standoff-protest-rally-lavoy-finicum.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_53');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_53\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>53<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cCommunity Meeting,\u201d Facebook event for December 15, 2014, www.facebook.com\/events\/332140650303625.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15852_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15852_1_54');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15852_1_54\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>54<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Brandon Ellington Patterson, \u201cBaton Rouge Cop Killer Was a \u2018Sovereign Citizen.\u2019 What the Heck Is That?,\u201d Mother Jones, July 20, 2016, www.motherjones.com\/politics\/2016\/07\/gavin-long-sovereign-citizen-posse-comitatus-patriot-militias; \u201cOppose FBI raid, killing in Oregon!,\u201d Militant 80, no. 5 (February 8, 2016), <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/themilitant.com\/2016\/8005\/800520.html.<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n <\/tbody> <\/table> <\/div><\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> function footnote_expand_reference_container_15852_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_15852_1').show(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_15852_1').text('\u2212'); } function footnote_collapse_reference_container_15852_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_15852_1').hide(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_15852_1').text('+'); } function footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_15852_1() { if (jQuery('#footnote_references_container_15852_1').is(':hidden')) { footnote_expand_reference_container_15852_1(); } else { 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County sheriff Gil Gilbertson and Douglas County\u2019s John Hanlin. But newcomers are also seeking office in November [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":15851,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-section-i.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15852","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15852","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15852"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15852\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16228,"href":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15852\/revisions\/16228"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15851"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15852"}],"curies":[{"name":"WP","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}