{"id":15737,"date":"2016-09-30T20:41:22","date_gmt":"2016-10-01T00:41:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.pra.dev\/?post_type=report_page&#038;p=15737"},"modified":"2020-12-28T19:49:57","modified_gmt":"2020-12-28T19:49:57","slug":"what-is-right-wing-populism","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/ko\/section-i\/the-patriot-movement-historically-nationally\/what-is-right-wing-populism\/","title":{"rendered":"\uc6b0\uc775 \ud3ec\ud4f0\ub9ac\uc998\uc774\ub780?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap wp-block-paragraph\">The Patriot movement is a form of \u201cright-wing populism,\u201d a reaction to progressive social change by a group that sees itself as losing power, and challenges elites as well as minorities, both of which they see as unproductive, parasitic elements of society. While left-wing populists also challenge elites, right-wing populists instead seek to mobilize \u201cthe people\u201d through demonization and scapegoating, conspiracy theories, and apocalyptic narratives and millennial visions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">They tap into a deep history of \u201cproducerist\u201d thinking in U.S. life. The protagonists in the producerist story are the people in a society whose work involves creating tangible things. The bad guys are both \u201cunproductive\u201d elites, who lord over the producers, and groups socially beneath them, who may be seen as \u201clazy, sinful, or subversive.\u201d<sup><span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15737_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15737_1_1');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15737_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15737_1_1');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15737_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(1)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15737_1_1\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Chip Berlet and Matthew N. Lyons, <em>Right-Wing Populism in America: Too Close for Comfort<\/em> (New York: Guilford Press, 2000), 6\u20137.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15737_1_1').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15737_1_1', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script>&nbsp;<\/sup>Elites are said to be redistributing the wealth created by the producers\u2019 hard work to these undeserving groups as a form of political patronage.&nbsp; Different versions of this story have different political implications. In a common version, factory workers and farmers are the heroes, the elites are Wall Street bankers, and the lazy groups are poor people on welfare. In the White supremacist version, the producers are White, the elites are Jewish, and the lazy and sinful groups are people of color. The western Patriot movement sees the producers as farmers, ranchers, and loggers; the elites as socialists, the Federal Reserve, and the banking system; and the subversive groups as Syrian refugees and Black Lives Matter protestors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Demonization and scapegoating works by dehumanizing others, and then blaming them for society\u2019s problems. Various groups have been demonized in U.S. history, including Native Americans, African-Americans, Jews, Catholics, and various immigrant groups. Today, Muslims and dark-skinned immigrants are demonized by Donald Trump and FOX News. The majority group\u2019s problems and frustrations are blamed on those being scapegoated, distracting attention from the actual social and economic causes of the problems. This process also acts to unify the main group and give them a sense of righteousness.<span style=\"font-size: 13.3333px;\"><span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15737_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15737_1_2');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15737_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15737_1_2');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15737_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(2)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15737_1_2\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Ibid, 7\u20139.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15737_1_2').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15737_1_2', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Conspiracy thinking takes a scapegoated group and sees them as secretly plotting against common people. These secretive conspirators are seen as holding vast power, wielding it for evil purposes, and standing at the center of world events. Conspiracy thinking therefore sees social conflicts as a struggle between Good and Evil that transcends the actual situation at hand. Conspiracy theories are famous for their loose adherence to facts, which must be made fit into the story. There is often some element of truth in a conspiracy theory, but it is followed by various leaps of logic.<span style=\"font-size: 13.3333px;\"><span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15737_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15737_1_3');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15737_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15737_1_3');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15737_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(3)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15737_1_3\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Ibid, 9.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15737_1_3').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15737_1_3', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/span>&nbsp;In Burns, Oregon, Patriot movement activists claimed the United Nations, environmentalists, Chinese mining interests in cahoots with Hillary Clinton, and French mercenaries were conspiring to drive local ranchers off of the land.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Last, the apocalyptic narratives and millennial visions of right-wing populists anticipate an imminent showdown with these evil elites. This could be the start of a new Christian era, or a civil war to \u201creclaim the nation.\u201d Millennialism is the idea that a perfect society can be brought into being. While not a negative belief on its own, it can fuel dangerous situations when combined with these other elements of right-wing populism.<sup><span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15737_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15737_1_4');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15737_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15737_1_4');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15737_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(4)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15737_1_4\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Ibid, 11. See also <em>Apocalyptic Aggression<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.apocalypticaggression.com\/\">www.apocalypticaggression.com<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15737_1_4').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15737_1_4', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/sup>\u00a0Some elements of the Patriot movement wish to launch a \u201csecond American revolution,\u201d which will overturn hundreds of years of American history and set the clock back to their ideal society of 1776. The implications of this for not just for the political system\u2014but for racial, gender, and sexual inequalities\u2014should not be overlooked.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-image-16063\"><figure class=\"alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/3percentermeme-300x300-1.jpg\" alt=\"The Three Percenters promote apocalyptic narratives in which they are the heroes of the story. (Source: Facebook)\" class=\"wp-image-16063\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/3percentermeme-300x300-1.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/3percentermeme-300x300-1-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption>The Three Percenters promote apocalyptic narratives in which they are the heroes of the story. (Source: Facebook)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Some people want to dismiss right-wing populists as people who are not in a normal mental state. This is not true; these are usually cross-class movements composed of people who are largely the same as everybody else. While their claims are sometimes bizarre or conspiratorial, they seek to address their grievances (whether real or perceived), by using different kinds of political tactics, including perfectly normal ones like running for office. However, as right-wing populists, they end up mobilizing people to defend an unequal distribution of social and economic power.<sup><span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15737_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15737_1_5');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15737_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15737_1_5');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15737_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(5)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15737_1_5\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Berlet and Lyons, <em>Right-Wing Populism in America<\/em>, 13-14.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15737_1_5').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15737_1_5', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/sup>&nbsp;For example, a right-wing populist may claim there is a United Nations plot to disarm all Americans so that China can invade more easily. However, the political action they take to counteract this is to support a Republican candidate who opposes gun control. Wild ideas may motivate rather pedestrian political acts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Right-wing movements are complex, and often involve fanning some form of popular resentment.<sup><span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15737_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15737_1_6');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15737_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15737_1_6');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15737_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(6)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15737_1_6\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Jean Hardisty, <em>Mobilizing Resentment: Conservative Resurgence from the John Birch Society to the Promise Keepers<\/em> (Boston: Beacon Press, 1999).<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15737_1_6').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15737_1_6', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/sup>&nbsp;This report will use the term \u201cHard Right\u201d as Berlet and Lyons conceive of it. The Hard Right is against a democratic vision of society, in which different groups are mobilized to have a voice and participate in the political system. The Hard Right may either be elitists or build mass movements; some call for authoritarian rule, which others stop short of trying to destroy democratic institutions.<sup><span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_15737_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15737_1_7');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_15737_1('footnote_plugin_reference_15737_1_7');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_15737_1_7\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">(7)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15737_1_7\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Berlet and Lyons, <em>Right-Wing Populism in America<\/em>, 16. For expanded definitions and other resources, see &#8220;Explore the Different Sectors of the US Right,&#8221; <em>Right-Wing Populism in America<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.rightwingpopulism.us\/sectors-pop-ups.html\">www.rightwingpopulism.us\/sectors-pop-ups.html<\/a><u>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_15737_1_7').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_15737_1_7', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script><\/u><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Keeping this framework in mind, this report will explore what the Patriot movement looks like today, on a both national level and in Oregon; how it has developed over several decades; the issues it organizes around and tactics it uses; the social and economic factors driving this movement; and what kind of positive actions we can take when Patriot movement groups organize in our communities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"725\" height=\"936\" src=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/populism-chart-1-725x936-1.jpg\" alt=\"Chip Berlet's schematic of right-wing populism in America, revised 2016\" class=\"wp-image-16037\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/populism-chart-1-725x936-1.jpg 725w, https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/populism-chart-1-725x936-1-232x300.jpg 232w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 725px) 100vw, 725px\" \/><figcaption>Chip Berlet&#8217;s schematic of right-wing populism in America, revised 2016<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<div class=\"speaker-mute footnotes_reference_container\"> <div class=\"footnote_container_prepare\"><p><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_label pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_15737_1();\">References<\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button\" style=\"\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_15737_1();\">[<a id=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_15737_1\">+<\/a>]<\/span><\/p><\/div> <div id=\"footnote_references_container_15737_1\" style=\"display: none;\"><table class=\"footnotes_table footnote-reference-container\"><caption class=\"accessibility\">References<\/caption> <tbody> \r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15737_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15737_1_1');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15737_1_1\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>1<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Chip Berlet and Matthew N. Lyons, <em>Right-Wing Populism in America: Too Close for Comfort<\/em> (New York: Guilford Press, 2000), 6\u20137.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15737_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15737_1_2');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15737_1_2\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>2<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Ibid, 7\u20139.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15737_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15737_1_3');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15737_1_3\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>3<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Ibid, 9.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15737_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15737_1_4');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15737_1_4\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>4<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Ibid, 11. See also <em>Apocalyptic Aggression<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.apocalypticaggression.com\/\">www.apocalypticaggression.com<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15737_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15737_1_5');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15737_1_5\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>5<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Berlet and Lyons, <em>Right-Wing Populism in America<\/em>, 13-14.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15737_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15737_1_6');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15737_1_6\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>6<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Jean Hardisty, <em>Mobilizing Resentment: Conservative Resurgence from the John Birch Society to the Promise Keepers<\/em> (Boston: Beacon Press, 1999).<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_15737_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_15737_1_7');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_15737_1_7\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>7<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Berlet and Lyons, <em>Right-Wing Populism in America<\/em>, 16. For expanded definitions and other resources, see &#8220;Explore the Different Sectors of the US Right,&#8221; <em>Right-Wing Populism in America<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.rightwingpopulism.us\/sectors-pop-ups.html\">www.rightwingpopulism.us\/sectors-pop-ups.html<\/a><u>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n <\/tbody> <\/table> <\/div><\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> function footnote_expand_reference_container_15737_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_15737_1').show(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_15737_1').text('\u2212'); } function footnote_collapse_reference_container_15737_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_15737_1').hide(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_15737_1').text('+'); } function footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_15737_1() { if (jQuery('#footnote_references_container_15737_1').is(':hidden')) { footnote_expand_reference_container_15737_1(); } else { footnote_collapse_reference_container_15737_1(); } } function footnote_moveToReference_15737_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_15737_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } } function footnote_moveToAnchor_15737_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_15737_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } }<\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Patriot movement is a form of \u201cright-wing populism,\u201d a reaction to progressive social change by a group that sees itself as losing power, and challenges elites as well as minorities, both of which they see as unproductive, parasitic elements of society. While left-wing populists also challenge elites, right-wing populists instead seek to mobilize \u201cthe [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":15735,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-section-i.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15737","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15737","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15737"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15737\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16202,"href":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15737\/revisions\/16202"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15735"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rop.org\/uia\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15737"}],"curies":[{"name":"\uc6cc\ub4dc\ud504\ub808\uc2a4","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}